factor-price equalization

简明释义

生产要素价格均等化

英英释义

例句

1.In a world with free trade, factor-price equalization would imply that wages for similar jobs will converge internationally.

在一个自由贸易的世界中，factor-price equalization意味着类似工作的工资将在国际上趋同。

2.To achieve factor-price equalization, countries must specialize in producing goods that utilize their abundant factors.

要实现factor-price equalization，国家必须专注于生产利用其丰富因素的商品。

3.The theory of factor-price equalization suggests that trade can lead to equalization of factor prices across countries.

因素价格均等化factor-price equalization理论表明，贸易可以导致各国之间因素价格的均等化。

4.Economists often use the concept of factor-price equalization to explain the impact of globalization on labor markets.

经济学家常用factor-price equalization的概念来解释全球化对劳动市场的影响。

5.The factor-price equalization theorem is a key component in international trade theory.

factor-price equalization定理是国际贸易理论中的一个关键组成部分。

作文

In the world of international trade and economics, the concept of factor-price equalization plays a crucial role in understanding how different countries interact in terms of resource allocation and income distribution. The theory suggests that under certain conditions, free trade will lead to the equalization of factor prices—namely, the wages of labor and the returns on capital—across countries. This phenomenon occurs because trade allows countries to specialize in the production of goods that utilize their abundant factors of production more efficiently. For instance, a country rich in labor will export labor-intensive goods, while a capital-rich country will export capital-intensive products.The implications of factor-price equalization are significant. It implies that if two countries engage in free trade, the differences in their factor prices will diminish over time. This can lead to increased welfare for both nations involved, as consumers gain access to a wider variety of goods at lower prices. However, it is essential to note that this theory operates under several assumptions, including perfect competition, identical production technologies, and no transportation costs. In reality, these conditions are rarely met, which can lead to deviations from the expected outcomes.Moreover, the factor-price equalization theorem also raises important questions about income inequality. As countries become more integrated through trade, the demand for certain types of labor may increase, while others may face declining demand. This can result in wage disparities within countries, especially if workers do not possess the skills required for the new industries that emerge as a result of globalization. Therefore, while factor-price equalization suggests a convergence of wages across borders, it does not guarantee equity within nations.Additionally, the theory has been subject to criticism and debate among economists. Some argue that the factor-price equalization effect is weaker than initially proposed due to factors such as technology differences, varying levels of human capital, and institutional constraints. These elements can prevent the smooth adjustment of factor prices, leading to persistent inequalities. For example, countries with advanced technology may continue to enjoy higher returns on capital, while those with less developed infrastructure struggle to catch up.In conclusion, the concept of factor-price equalization provides valuable insights into the dynamics of international trade and its impact on factor prices. While it offers a theoretical framework for understanding how trade can lead to price equalization, the real-world complexities often complicate these predictions. Policymakers must consider these nuances when crafting trade policies to ensure that the benefits of globalization are shared equitably among all segments of society. As we navigate an increasingly interconnected global economy, the discussions surrounding factor-price equalization will remain relevant in shaping our understanding of economic relationships between nations.

在国际贸易和经济学的世界中，概念要素价格均等化在理解不同国家如何在资源配置和收入分配方面互动方面发挥着至关重要的作用。该理论表明，在某些条件下，自由贸易将导致国家之间要素价格的均等化，即劳动工资和资本回报的均等化。这种现象发生的原因是贸易使国家能够专注于更有效地利用其丰富的生产要素来生产商品。例如，一个富含劳动力的国家将出口劳动密集型商品，而一个富含资本的国家则将出口资本密集型产品。要素价格均等化的影响是显著的。它意味着如果两个国家进行自由贸易，它们的要素价格差异将随着时间的推移而减少。这可以为参与的两个国家带来福利的提高，因为消费者可以以更低的价格获得更广泛的商品。然而，需要注意的是，这一理论在多个假设下运作，包括完全竞争、相同的生产技术和没有运输成本。在现实中，这些条件很少得到满足，这可能导致与预期结果的偏差。此外，要素价格均等化理论还引发了关于收入不平等的重要问题。随着各国通过贸易变得更加一体化，对某些类型劳动的需求可能会增加，而其他类型的劳动可能面临需求下降。这可能导致国内的工资差距，特别是在工人无法掌握新兴行业所需的技能时。因此，尽管要素价格均等化暗示跨国界的工资趋同，但并不保证国家内部的公平。此外，该理论在经济学家中也受到批评和辩论。一些人认为，由于技术差异、人力资本水平不同和制度约束等因素，要素价格均等化效应弱于最初提出的情况。这些因素可能阻碍要素价格的顺利调整，导致持续的不平等。例如，技术先进的国家可能继续享有更高的资本回报，而基础设施欠发达的国家则难以追赶。总之，要素价格均等化的概念为我们提供了有关国际贸易动态及其对要素价格影响的宝贵见解。尽管它提供了一个理论框架，以理解贸易如何导致价格均等化，但现实世界的复杂性往往使这些预测变得复杂。政策制定者在制定贸易政策时必须考虑这些细微差别，以确保全球化的利益在社会的所有层面上得到公平分享。随着我们在日益互联的全球经济中前行，围绕要素价格均等化的讨论将继续在塑造我们对国家之间经济关系的理解中保持相关性。