social contract; social compact

简明释义

社会契约

英英释义

例句

1.The social contract 社会契约 implies that citizens have rights and responsibilities towards their state.

社会契约意味着公民对国家有权利和责任。

2.The idea of a social contract 社会契约 suggests that individuals consent to form a government for mutual protection.

社会契约的概念表明，个人同意形成一个政府以获得相互保护。

3.The breakdown of the social contract 社会契约 can lead to civil unrest and a loss of trust in institutions.

社会契约的崩溃可能导致社会动荡和对机构信任的丧失。

4.In many political theories, the social compact 社会契约 is seen as the basis for legitimate authority.

在许多政治理论中，社会契约被视为合法权威的基础。

5.Philosophers like Rousseau emphasized the importance of the social compact 社会契约 in ensuring freedom and equality.

卢梭等哲学家强调了社会契约在确保自由和平等方面的重要性。

作文

The concept of the social contract; social compact has been a fundamental idea in political philosophy, tracing its roots back to thinkers like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Each of these philosophers had unique interpretations of what a social contract; social compact entails, but they all agree on one central premise: individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly, to form a society and accept certain obligations in exchange for protection and the benefits of communal living.Hobbes, in his work 'Leviathan,' argued that in a state of nature, life would be 'solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.' To escape this chaos, individuals enter into a social contract; social compact where they relinquish some of their freedoms to a sovereign authority in exchange for security and order. This idea emphasizes the necessity of a strong, centralized power to maintain peace and prevent conflict among individuals who might otherwise act in their own self-interest.In contrast, Locke’s perspective on the social contract; social compact was more optimistic. He believed that individuals have natural rights to life, liberty, and property. According to Locke, the social contract; social compact is an agreement among free individuals to create a government that protects these rights. If the government fails in its duty, the people have the right to revolt. This notion laid the groundwork for modern democratic principles and the idea of government accountability.Rousseau took the concept further by introducing the idea of the 'general will.' He posited that the social contract; social compact should reflect the collective interests of the people rather than the desires of a ruling elite. For Rousseau, true freedom comes from participating in the formation of the laws that govern one’s life, thus emphasizing the importance of civic engagement and collective decision-making.In contemporary society, the social contract; social compact continues to be relevant as we navigate complex issues such as social justice, civil rights, and the role of government. The idea serves as a framework for understanding the expectations between citizens and their governments. For instance, during times of crisis, such as natural disasters or pandemics, citizens may be asked to sacrifice certain freedoms for the greater good, reflecting an ongoing negotiation of the social contract; social compact.Moreover, the social contract; social compact can also be seen in discussions about social welfare policies. Citizens often debate the extent to which the government should intervene in the economy and provide support for those in need. This reflects a collective understanding of mutual responsibility and the obligations that come with being part of a society.In conclusion, the social contract; social compact is a vital concept that shapes our understanding of governance and societal obligations. It highlights the delicate balance between individual freedoms and the needs of the community. As we continue to confront new challenges in our rapidly changing world, revisiting the principles of the social contract; social compact can help us forge a more equitable and just society, ensuring that the rights and responsibilities of all citizens are respected and upheld.

社会契约（social contract; social compact）的概念在政治哲学中是一个基本思想，其根源可以追溯到霍布斯、洛克和卢梭等思想家。虽然这些哲学家对社会契约的理解各有不同，但他们都同意一个核心前提：个人通过明确或隐含的方式同意组成一个社会，并接受某些义务，以换取保护和共同生活的好处。霍布斯在他的著作《利维坦》中认为，在自然状态下，生活将是“孤独、贫穷、肮脏、残忍且短暂的”。为了逃避这种混乱，个人进入社会契约，放弃部分自由，以换取安全和秩序。这一观点强调了强大中央权力维护和平和防止个人之间冲突的必要性。相对而言，洛克对社会契约的看法更加乐观。他认为，个人拥有生命、自由和财产的自然权利。根据洛克的观点，社会契约是自由个体之间达成的一项协议，旨在创建一个保护这些权利的政府。如果政府未能履行其职责，人民有权反抗。这一观点为现代民主原则和政府问责制奠定了基础。卢梭进一步发展了这一概念，引入了“普遍意志”的理念。他认为，社会契约应当反映人民的集体利益，而不是统治精英的愿望。对于卢梭来说，真正的自由来自于参与形成管理自己生活的法律，从而强调公民参与和集体决策的重要性。在当代社会，社会契约仍然具有相关性，因为我们在应对社会正义、民权和政府角色等复杂问题时，社会契约为理解公民与政府之间的期望提供了框架。例如，在危机时期，如自然灾害或疫情，公民可能被要求牺牲某些自由以实现更大的利益，这反映了社会契约的持续协商。此外，社会契约也可以在社会福利政策的讨论中看到。公民经常辩论政府在经济中应干预多大程度，以及应为需要帮助的人提供多大支持。这反映了相互责任的集体理解，以及作为社会一部分所带来的义务。总之，社会契约是塑造我们对治理和社会义务理解的重要概念。它突显了个人自由与社区需求之间的微妙平衡。随着我们继续面对快速变化世界中的新挑战，重新审视社会契约的原则可以帮助我们建立一个更加公平和公正的社会，确保所有公民的权利和责任得到尊重和维护。