social cost

简明释义

社会成本,社会费用

英英释义

例句

1.Investing in public transportation can reduce the social cost associated with traffic congestion.

投资公共交通可以减少与交通拥堵相关的社会成本。

2.Healthcare policies should take into account the social cost of untreated diseases.

医疗政策应考虑未治疗疾病的社会成本。

3.The government needs to consider the social cost of pollution when creating environmental regulations.

政府在制定环境法规时需要考虑污染的社会成本。

4.The social cost of crime includes not only financial losses but also emotional trauma.

犯罪的社会成本不仅包括经济损失，还包括情感创伤。

5.When evaluating a new project, it's essential to assess its social cost to the community.

在评估一个新项目时，评估其对社区的社会成本至关重要。

作文

Understanding the concept of social cost is crucial in economics and public policy. The term refers to the total cost to society of an economic activity, including both the private costs incurred by individuals or businesses and the external costs borne by third parties or the environment. For instance, when a factory produces goods, it may pollute the air and water, which imposes health costs on the community. These health costs are not reflected in the price of the goods produced, leading to a situation where the market fails to account for the true cost of production. This discrepancy highlights the importance of recognizing social cost in decision-making processes.In many cases, the private cost of an action is much lower than the social cost. For example, if a company decides to cut corners to save money, it might reduce its expenditures on safety measures. While this may increase the company's profits in the short term, the long-term effects could include accidents that harm workers and the surrounding community. The resulting health care costs, environmental damage, and loss of productivity contribute to the overall social cost of the company's operations.Governments often intervene in markets to address situations where social costs are not accounted for. They may impose taxes or regulations aimed at reducing negative externalities. For instance, a carbon tax is designed to internalize the social cost of carbon emissions by making it more expensive to pollute. This incentivizes companies to adopt cleaner technologies and practices, ultimately benefiting society as a whole.Moreover, understanding social costs can help in evaluating public projects and investments. When governments assess the feasibility of building a new highway, they must consider not only the construction costs but also the potential impacts on traffic congestion, air quality, and community displacement. By factoring in the social cost, policymakers can make more informed decisions that align with the broader interests of society.The concept of social cost also plays a significant role in discussions about climate change. The environmental degradation caused by greenhouse gas emissions represents a substantial social cost that future generations will bear. Policymakers need to take these long-term implications into account when formulating environmental policies. By recognizing the social cost of inaction, they can advocate for sustainable practices that mitigate environmental damage and promote a healthier planet.In conclusion, the notion of social cost is essential for understanding the true impact of economic activities on society. By integrating social costs into economic analysis and policy formulation, we can create a more equitable and sustainable future. It is imperative for individuals, businesses, and governments to acknowledge that every economic decision carries consequences that extend beyond immediate financial calculations. Only by embracing this comprehensive view can we work towards solutions that benefit both current and future generations.

理解社会成本的概念对于经济学和公共政策至关重要。这个术语指的是某一经济活动对社会的总成本，包括个人或企业所承担的私人成本以及由第三方或环境承担的外部成本。例如，当一家工厂生产商品时，它可能会污染空气和水，这给社区带来了健康成本。这些健康成本并未反映在所生产商品的价格中，导致市场未能考虑生产的真实成本。这种差异突显了在决策过程中认识社会成本的重要性。在许多情况下，某个行为的私人成本远低于社会成本。例如，如果一家公司为了节省资金而决定降低安全措施的支出，虽然这可能会在短期内增加公司的利润，但长期效果可能包括伤害工人和周边社区的事故。由此产生的医疗费用、环境损害和生产力损失都会增加公司运营的整体社会成本。政府通常会干预市场，以解决未考虑到社会成本的情况。他们可能会施加税收或法规，旨在减少负外部性。例如，碳税旨在通过提高污染成本来内部化碳排放的社会成本。这激励公司采用更清洁的技术和实践，最终使整个社会受益。此外，理解社会成本有助于评估公共项目和投资。当政府评估建设新高速公路的可行性时，他们必须考虑的不仅是建设成本，还有对交通拥堵、空气质量和社区搬迁的潜在影响。通过考虑社会成本，决策者可以做出更符合社会整体利益的明智决策。社会成本的概念在气候变化讨论中也发挥着重要作用。温室气体排放造成的环境恶化代表了未来几代人将承担的巨大的社会成本。政策制定者在制定环境政策时需要考虑这些长期影响。通过认识到不作为的社会成本，他们可以倡导可持续的做法，以减轻环境损害，促进一个更健康的星球。总之，社会成本的概念对理解经济活动对社会的真实影响至关重要。通过将社会成本纳入经济分析和政策制定，我们可以创造一个更加公平和可持续的未来。个人、企业和政府必须承认，每一个经济决策都带来了超出直接财务计算的后果。只有通过接受这一全面的观点，我们才能朝着造福当前和未来几代人的解决方案迈进。