countervailing duty

简明释义

平衡税

英英释义

例句

1.The countervailing duty is meant to level the playing field for domestic producers.

该反补贴税旨在为国内生产者创造公平竞争环境。

2.Companies often seek to challenge the imposition of a countervailing duty in international trade disputes.

公司通常寻求在国际贸易争端中挑战反补贴税的征收。

3.Importers must be aware of the countervailing duty on certain products to avoid unexpected costs.

进口商必须注意某些产品的反补贴税以避免意外费用。

4.The government imposed a countervailing duty to offset the subsidies provided by foreign governments.

政府征收了反补贴税以抵消外国政府提供的补贴。

5.The countervailing duty was set after an investigation revealed unfair trade practices.

在调查揭示不公平贸易行为后，设定了反补贴税。

作文

In the world of international trade, various measures are employed to ensure fair competition among countries. One such measure is the imposition of a countervailing duty, which serves as a critical tool in leveling the playing field for domestic industries. A countervailing duty is a tariff imposed on imported goods that have been subsidized by foreign governments. The primary purpose of this duty is to counteract the negative effects that these subsidies can have on domestic production and pricing. By imposing a countervailing duty, the importing country aims to protect its local businesses from unfair competition and maintain a balanced market environment.The concept of countervailing duty emerged from the need to address trade imbalances caused by government subsidies. When a foreign government provides financial assistance to its industries, it allows those products to be sold at lower prices than their domestic counterparts. This situation can lead to a significant disadvantage for local producers who cannot compete with the artificially low prices of subsidized imports. To mitigate this issue, countries may conduct investigations to determine whether imported goods benefit from subsidies and subsequently impose a countervailing duty to offset the price advantage.Implementing a countervailing duty involves a detailed process. First, the importing country must investigate the extent of the subsidies provided by the foreign government. This investigation typically involves gathering data on the subsidy programs and analyzing their impact on the pricing of the affected goods. If the investigation confirms that subsidies exist and are causing harm to domestic industries, the government can then propose a countervailing duty to counteract the effects.The amount of the countervailing duty is usually calculated based on the value of the subsidies received by the foreign producers. This means that the duty will vary depending on the level of government support provided to the exporters. Once established, the duty remains in effect for a specified period, usually five years, after which it can be reviewed and renewed if necessary.The use of countervailing duties has sparked debate among economists and policymakers. Proponents argue that they are essential for protecting domestic industries from unfair competition and ensuring that local jobs are not jeopardized by subsidized imports. They believe that without such measures, countries with robust industrial policies could dominate global markets, leading to job losses and economic instability in less competitive nations.On the other hand, critics of countervailing duties argue that they can lead to trade tensions and retaliatory measures from affected countries. When one country imposes a countervailing duty, the exporting country may respond by imposing its own tariffs or trade barriers, escalating the situation into a trade war. Additionally, there are concerns that countervailing duties can be misused as protectionist tools rather than genuine measures to ensure fair competition.In conclusion, countervailing duties play a significant role in international trade by addressing the challenges posed by government subsidies on imported goods. While they aim to protect domestic industries and maintain fair competition, the potential for trade disputes and economic repercussions cannot be overlooked. As global trade continues to evolve, the application and implications of countervailing duties will remain a crucial topic for policymakers and businesses alike.

在国际贸易的世界中，各种措施被用来确保各国之间的公平竞争。其中一种措施是征收反补贴税，这是一种在保护国内产业方面至关重要的工具。反补贴税是对接受外国政府补贴的进口商品征收的关税。这项税的主要目的是抵消这些补贴对国内生产和定价可能产生的负面影响。通过征收反补贴税，进口国旨在保护其本国企业免受不公平竞争的影响，并维持平衡的市场环境。反补贴税的概念源于应对因政府补贴造成的贸易失衡的需要。当外国政府向其产业提供财政援助时，允许这些产品以低于国内同类产品的价格出售。这种情况可能导致当地生产者处于显著劣势，因为他们无法与补贴进口商品的人工低价竞争。为了缓解这一问题，各国可能会进行调查，以确定进口商品是否受益于补贴，并随后征收反补贴税来抵消价格优势。实施反补贴税涉及一个详细的过程。首先，进口国必须调查外国政府提供的补贴程度。这项调查通常涉及收集有关补贴项目的数据并分析其对受影响商品定价的影响。如果调查确认存在补贴并对国内产业造成了损害，政府就可以提出征收反补贴税以抵消影响。反补贴税的金额通常根据外国生产商所获得的补贴价值计算。这意味着，该税的数额将根据出口商所获得的政府支持水平而有所不同。一旦设定，该税通常在指定的期限内有效，通常为五年，之后可以进行审查并在必要时续期。反补贴税的使用在经济学家和政策制定者中引发了辩论。支持者认为，它们对于保护国内产业免受不公平竞争和确保本地就业不受补贴进口商品威胁至关重要。他们认为，如果没有这些措施，拥有强大工业政策的国家可能会主导全球市场，从而导致失业和经济不稳定。另一方面，批评反补贴税的人则认为，这可能导致贸易紧张和受影响国家的报复性措施。当一个国家征收反补贴税时，出口国可能会通过征收自己的关税或贸易壁垒作出回应，使局势升级为贸易战。此外，人们担心反补贴税可能被误用为保护主义工具，而不是确保公平竞争的真正措施。总之，反补贴税在国际贸易中发挥着重要作用，通过应对外国政府补贴对进口商品带来的挑战。虽然它们旨在保护国内产业并维护公平竞争，但贸易争端和经济后果的潜在风险不容忽视。随着全球贸易的不断发展，反补贴税的适用性及其影响将继续成为政策制定者和企业关注的重要议题。