diol

简明释义

英[ˈdaɪɒl]美[ˈdɑɪoʊl]

n. 二醇

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1."These results are significant because PAH diol epoxides react readily with DNA, induce mutations, and are considered to be ultimate carcinogens of multiple PAH in cigarette smoke, " the study said.

研究认为：“这项结果相当重要，因为多环芳香环氧二醇（PAH diol epoxides）易与DNA反应，引发突变，所以被认为是吸烟产生的众多环芳香烃中最严重的致癌物质。”

2.In the experiment, di-isocyanate, polyether diol and a hydrophilic chain-extender were used to synthesize aqueous urethane.

实验采用二异氰酸酯与聚醚二元醇、亲水扩链剂反应合成水性聚氨酯。

3.The moisture cured polyurethane was synthesized with mixing polyether diol, toluene diisocyanate (TDI) as main raw materials, epoxy resin and hydroxy acrylic resin as modifiers.

以混合聚醚多元醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯为主要原料，环氧树脂、羟基丙烯酸树脂为改性剂合成了湿固化聚氨酯涂饰剂。

4.The experiments show that in the new diol boric acid and the proportion of different circumstances, different forms of its response, the proportion of three different reaction there.

实验表明，在硼酸与新戊二醇的比例不同的情况下，其反应形式不同，有三种不同比例的反应存在。

5.METHODS The title compound was synthesized from 2-butene-1,4-diol, via esterification, epoxidation, amination, then amidation with tetraiodoterebenzoyl chloride.

方法以1，4-丁烯二醇为原料，经过酯化、环氧化、氨解开环，再与四碘对苯二甲酰氯反应合成目标产物。

6.Toxic matagenic and carcinogenic PAH diol epoxides can be derived from PAHS, which are responsible for most cases of lung cancer.

有毒的matagenic和致癌物质PAH二醇环氧化合物均来源于多环芳香烃(PAH)，它是导致大多数肺癌的罪魁祸首。

7.Propylene diol 丙二醇 is often used in the food industry as a humectant.

丙二醇在食品工业中常用作保湿剂的二醇 二醇。

8.In the production of polyesters, diols 二醇 play a crucial role in forming the polymer chains.

在聚酯生产中，二醇 二醇在形成聚合物链中起着至关重要的作用。

9.The chemical formula for ethylene glycol is C2H6O2, which is a type of diol 二醇 commonly used in antifreeze.

乙二醇的化学式为C2H6O2，是一种常用于防冻剂的二醇 二醇。

10.1,4-butanediol is used as a solvent and can be classified as a diol 二醇 due to its two hydroxyl groups.

1,4-丁二醇作为溶剂使用，可以归类为二醇 二醇，因其含有两个羟基。

11.Some cosmetics contain glycerin, which is a natural diol 二醇 that helps retain moisture.

一些化妆品含有甘油，这是一种天然的二醇 二醇，有助于保持水分。

作文

In the world of organic chemistry, various compounds play crucial roles in both industrial applications and biological processes. One such important class of compounds is known as diols. A diol (二醇) is a type of alcohol that contains two hydroxyl (-OH) groups in its molecular structure. This unique characteristic gives diols distinct properties and makes them valuable in numerous chemical reactions and applications. Diols can be classified into several categories based on the positioning of their hydroxyl groups. For instance, if the -OH groups are attached to the same carbon atom, the compound is referred to as a geminal diol (二醇). Conversely, if the -OH groups are attached to different carbon atoms, it is termed a vicinal diol (邻二醇). This classification is essential because the arrangement of these functional groups significantly influences the physical and chemical properties of the compound. One of the most common examples of a diol is ethylene glycol, which has two hydroxyl groups attached to adjacent carbon atoms. Ethylene glycol is widely used in the production of antifreeze and is an essential raw material in the manufacture of polyester fibers. Its ability to lower the freezing point of water makes it invaluable in cold climates where it is used to prevent engine freeze-up in vehicles. Another notable diol is propylene glycol, which is often used in food products, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics due to its non-toxic nature. It serves as a humectant, helping to retain moisture in products, and is also used as a solvent for flavorings and preservatives. The safety profile of propylene glycol has made it a popular choice in many consumer goods, showcasing the versatility of diols in everyday applications. The significance of diols extends beyond industrial uses; they also play vital roles in biological systems. For example, certain sugars can exist in diol forms, contributing to the structure and function of various biomolecules. These compounds can participate in biochemical pathways, influencing metabolism and cellular functions. Understanding the role of diols in biology can provide insights into metabolic disorders and pave the way for new therapeutic approaches. Moreover, the reactivity of diols is another area of interest for chemists. They can undergo various chemical transformations, including oxidation and esterification, leading to the formation of more complex molecules. This reactivity is harnessed in synthetic organic chemistry to create new compounds with desirable properties. Researchers continue to explore the potential of diols in developing innovative materials and pharmaceuticals. In conclusion, diols are a fascinating group of compounds that hold significant importance in both industrial and biological contexts. Their unique structure, characterized by two hydroxyl groups, endows them with distinct properties that are leveraged in various applications. From antifreeze to food additives, and even in biochemical processes, diols demonstrate their versatility and utility. As research progresses, we can expect to uncover even more applications and understandings of these remarkable compounds.

在有机化学的世界中，各种化合物在工业应用和生物过程中的作用至关重要。其中一种重要的化合物类别被称为diol（二醇），它是一种含有两个羟基（-OH）基团的醇。这个独特的特性赋予了二醇不同的性质，使其在众多化学反应和应用中具有重要价值。根据羟基基团的位置，二醇可以分为几类。例如，如果-OH基团附着在同一个碳原子上，则该化合物称为同位二醇（geminal diol）。相反，如果-OH基团附着在不同的碳原子上，则称为邻位二醇（vicinal diol）。这种分类非常重要，因为这些功能基团的排列显著影响化合物的物理和化学性质。一个最常见的二醇例子是乙二醇，它的两个羟基附着在相邻的碳原子上。乙二醇广泛用于防冻剂的生产，并且是聚酯纤维制造中的重要原料。它降低水的冰点的能力使其在寒冷气候中无价，用于防止汽车发动机结冰。另一个显著的二醇是丙二醇，由于其无毒特性，常用于食品、药品和化妆品中。它作为保湿剂，帮助在产品中保持水分，同时也用作香料和防腐剂的溶剂。丙二醇的安全性使其在许多消费品中成为流行的选择，展示了二醇在日常应用中的多样性。二醇的重要性不仅限于工业用途；它们在生物系统中也发挥着重要作用。例如，某些糖可以以二醇形式存在，促成各种生物分子的结构和功能。这些化合物可以参与生化途径，影响代谢和细胞功能。理解二醇在生物学中的作用可以提供对代谢疾病的洞察，并为新的治疗方法铺平道路。此外，二醇的反应性是化学家关注的另一个领域。它们可以经历各种化学转化，包括氧化和酯化，从而形成更复杂的分子。这种反应性在合成有机化学中被利用，以创造出具有理想属性的新化合物。研究人员继续探索二醇在开发创新材料和药物中的潜力。总之，二醇是一类引人入胜的化合物，在工业和生物环境中具有重要意义。其独特的结构，以两个羟基为特征，使其具有不同的性质，广泛应用于各个领域。从防冻剂到食品添加剂，甚至在生化过程中，二醇展示了它们的多样性和实用性。随着研究的进展，我们可以期待揭示更多的应用和对这些卓越化合物的理解。