closed bidding; sealed bid; negotiated bidding

简明释义

内部招标

英英释义

例句

1.The company opted for negotiated bidding 谈判招标 to ensure they could discuss terms directly with the contractors.

公司选择了谈判招标 negotiated bidding，以确保能够与承包商直接讨论条款。

2.In a sealed bid 密封投标 auction, all bids are submitted without knowledge of the others.

在密封投标 sealed bid 拍卖中，所有的投标都是在彼此未知的情况下提交的。

3.The government announced a closed bidding 封闭招标 process for the construction of the new highway.

政府宣布将对新高速公路的建设进行封闭招标 closed bidding。

4.The closed bidding 封闭招标 system helps maintain confidentiality in sensitive projects.

在敏感项目中，封闭招标 closed bidding 系统有助于保持机密性。

5.After evaluating the proposals, the board decided to go with the sealed bid 密封投标 that offered the best value.

经过评估提案后，董事会决定选择提供最佳价值的密封投标 sealed bid。

作文

In the world of procurement and contracting, various bidding methods are employed to ensure that projects are awarded fairly and transparently. Among these methods, closed bidding (封闭式投标), sealed bid (密封投标), and negotiated bidding (谈判式投标) are some of the most commonly used. Each method has its own distinct characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages, which can significantly impact the outcome of a project. Understanding these bidding processes is crucial for both buyers and sellers in the marketplace.Firstly, closed bidding refers to a process where bidders submit their proposals without knowledge of others' bids. This method is often used in situations where confidentiality is paramount. For instance, government contracts or sensitive projects may require closed bidding to prevent collusion or to maintain competitive pricing. The advantage of this method is that it encourages bidders to present their best offers without being influenced by competitors. However, the downside is that it can sometimes lead to a lack of transparency, as the evaluation criteria and final decision-making processes may not always be clear to all participants.On the other hand, sealed bid is a method where all bids are submitted in sealed envelopes, ensuring that no bidder can see the others’ submissions until the opening takes place. This approach combines elements of fairness and transparency, as all bids are evaluated at the same time. The key advantage of sealed bidding is that it minimizes the chances of last-minute adjustments to proposals based on competitors' offers. However, one potential drawback is that it may not allow for any negotiation or discussion between the buyer and the bidders before the bids are opened, which can sometimes lead to missed opportunities for better terms or pricing.Lastly, negotiated bidding involves direct discussions between the buyer and selected bidders after the initial proposals have been received. This method allows for more flexibility and can lead to better outcomes for both parties, as it enables the buyer to clarify their needs and the bidders to adjust their proposals accordingly. The primary advantage of negotiated bidding is that it fosters collaboration and can result in a win-win situation. However, it can also be criticized for lacking transparency, as not all bidders may have the same opportunity to negotiate, potentially leading to perceptions of favoritism or unfairness.In conclusion, the choice between closed bidding, sealed bid, and negotiated bidding depends largely on the specific context of the project, the level of competition, and the desired outcomes. Each method has its unique set of benefits and challenges, and understanding these nuances can help stakeholders make informed decisions. As the landscape of procurement continues to evolve, it is essential for both buyers and sellers to stay abreast of these bidding techniques to navigate the complexities of the market effectively.

在采购和合同的世界中，采用各种投标方法以确保项目公平透明地授予。其中，closed bidding（封闭式投标）、sealed bid（密封投标）和negotiated bidding（谈判式投标）是最常用的方法之一。每种方法都有其独特的特点、优点和缺点，这可能会显著影响项目的结果。理解这些投标过程对市场中的买方和卖方至关重要。首先，closed bidding指的是投标人在不知道其他投标人出价的情况下提交他们的提案。这种方法通常用于需要保密的情况。例如，政府合同或敏感项目可能需要closed bidding以防止串通或保持竞争定价。这种方法的优点是它鼓励投标人提出最佳报价，而不受竞争对手的影响。然而，缺点是，有时可能导致缺乏透明度，因为评估标准和最终决策过程可能并不总是对所有参与者明确。另一方面，sealed bid是一种方法，所有投标都以密封信封提交，确保没有投标人可以在开标前看到其他人的提交。这种方法结合了公平性和透明性的元素，因为所有投标在同一时间进行评估。sealed bidding的主要优点是它最小化了基于竞争对手报价的最后时刻调整提案的机会。然而，一个潜在的缺点是，它可能不允许买方和投标人之间在开标前进行任何谈判或讨论，这有时可能导致错失更好的条款或价格的机会。最后，negotiated bidding涉及在收到初步提案后，买方与选定投标人之间的直接讨论。这种方法允许更多的灵活性，并且可以为双方带来更好的结果，因为它使买方能够澄清他们的需求，而投标人则可以相应地调整他们的提案。negotiated bidding的主要优点是它促进了合作，并且可以导致双赢的局面。然而，它也可能因缺乏透明度而受到批评，因为并非所有投标人都可能有相同的谈判机会，这可能导致偏袒或不公平的看法。总之，选择closed bidding、sealed bid和negotiated bidding之间的选择在很大程度上取决于项目的具体背景、竞争水平和期望结果。每种方法都有其独特的优缺点，理解这些细微差别可以帮助利益相关者做出明智的决策。随着采购领域的不断发展，买方和卖方都必须跟上这些投标技术，以有效应对市场的复杂性。