superoxide

简明释义

英[suːpərˈɒksaɪd;sjuː-]美[,supər'ɑksaɪd]

n. 超氧化物；过氧化物

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.AIM: To investigate the effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD) on fracture healing.

目的：探讨超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)对实验性骨折愈合的作用。

2.The effect of the different concentration of diesel oil on mortality rate, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (cat) of zebra fish was studied.

研究了不同浓度的柴油处理液对斑马鱼死亡率、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的影响。

3.It was found that the superoxide radicals could be detected by NOS in the above system.

结果发现用NOS自旋捕捉剂可检测到该体系所产生的超氧阴离子自由基。

4.The biological effects of copper and simulation chemistry of Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismuta se were concisely introduced.

综述了铜的生物学效能以及铜锌超氧化物歧化酶的模拟化学。

5.Superoxide Dismutase, Rabbit anti-Bovine, Biotin.

超氧化物歧化酶，兔抗牛， 生物素。

6.The superoxide dismutase (SOD)and peroxidase (POD) activities in the wheat seedling leaves were increased affected by the low concentration of sulfite.

在低浓度亚硫酸盐作用下，小麦幼苗叶片中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性升高；

7.Under osmotic stress, It could maintain a higher RWC level and a higher activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), and lessen membrane injury.

在渗透胁迫下能维持较高的相对含水量（RWC）和较高的保护酶（SOD）活性，质膜相对透性较小，膜伤害较轻。

8.Objectives: AIMS Synthesize Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and determine its crystal structure.

目的：人工模拟合成超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)并测定其结构。

9.The enzyme superoxide dismutase helps to convert harmful superoxide (超氧化物) into less toxic substances.

超氧化物歧化酶能够将有害的superoxide（超氧化物）转化为毒性较小的物质。

10.In the presence of oxygen, the accumulation of superoxide (超氧化物) can lead to oxidative stress in cells.

在氧气存在的情况下，superoxide（超氧化物）的积累可能导致细胞的氧化应激。

11.The formation of superoxide (超氧化物) is a natural byproduct of cellular respiration.

在细胞呼吸过程中，superoxide（超氧化物）的形成是一个自然的副产品。

12.Antioxidants are crucial for neutralizing superoxide (超氧化物) and protecting the body from damage.

抗氧化剂对中和superoxide（超氧化物）及保护身体免受损伤至关重要。

13.Research indicates that superoxide (超氧化物) plays a role in aging and age-related diseases.

研究表明，superoxide（超氧化物）在衰老和与年龄相关的疾病中发挥作用。

作文

Superoxide is a term that often appears in discussions about oxidative stress and cellular metabolism. It refers to a specific type of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is formed when oxygen molecules gain an extra electron. This process can occur naturally during cellular respiration, particularly in the mitochondria, where energy production takes place. The chemical formula for superoxide is O2-, indicating its status as an anion. Understanding the role of superoxide (超氧化物) in biological systems is crucial for comprehending various physiological and pathological processes.One of the most significant aspects of superoxide (超氧化物) is its dual nature. On one hand, it plays a vital role in cell signaling and immune responses. For instance, immune cells like neutrophils produce superoxide (超氧化物) to help destroy pathogens. This process is part of the body's defense mechanism, allowing it to fight off infections effectively. However, the overproduction of superoxide (超氧化物) can lead to oxidative stress, which is implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular diseases.The balance between the production and elimination of superoxide (超氧化物) is essential for maintaining cellular health. Antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of superoxide (超氧化物) into less harmful molecules like hydrogen peroxide. This detoxification process is crucial because excessive levels of superoxide (超氧化物) can lead to damage of cellular components, including DNA, proteins, and lipids. Such damage can trigger a cascade of cellular dysfunction and contribute to aging and disease.Research has shown that the regulation of superoxide (超氧化物) is not only important for individual health but also has implications for longevity. Studies suggest that organisms with efficient mechanisms to manage superoxide (超氧化物) levels tend to have longer lifespans. For example, certain species of birds and mammals exhibit enhanced antioxidant defenses, allowing them to mitigate the damaging effects of superoxide (超氧化物) and other ROS.Moreover, the study of superoxide (超氧化物) extends beyond basic biology; it has practical applications in medicine and pharmacology. Researchers are investigating potential therapeutic strategies that target superoxide (超氧化物) and its pathways. For instance, drugs that enhance the activity of SOD or other antioxidants could be developed to treat conditions associated with oxidative stress.In conclusion, superoxide (超氧化物) is a critical component of cellular metabolism with both beneficial and detrimental effects. Its role in immune defense highlights its importance in protecting the body from pathogens, while its association with oxidative stress underscores the need for careful regulation. As research continues to unravel the complexities of superoxide (超氧化物) and its impact on health, it becomes increasingly clear that understanding this molecule is vital for advancing our knowledge in biology and medicine.

超氧化物是一个常出现在氧化应激和细胞代谢讨论中的术语。它指的是一种特定类型的活性氧物种（ROS），当氧分子获得一个额外的电子时形成。这一过程可以在细胞呼吸过程中自然发生，特别是在产生能量的线粒体中。超氧化物的化学式为O2-，表明它是一种阴离子。理解超氧化物在生物系统中的作用对于理解各种生理和病理过程至关重要。超氧化物的一个重要方面是其双重性质。一方面，它在细胞信号传递和免疫反应中发挥着重要作用。例如，像中性粒细胞这样的免疫细胞会产生超氧化物以帮助摧毁病原体。这一过程是身体的防御机制的一部分，使其能够有效抵抗感染。然而，超氧化物的过度产生可能导致氧化应激，这与多种疾病有关，包括癌症、神经退行性疾病和心血管疾病。超氧化物的产生和消除之间的平衡对于维持细胞健康至关重要。抗氧化剂，如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），是一种催化超氧化物转化为氢过氧化物等较无害分子的酶。这一解毒过程至关重要，因为过量的超氧化物可能导致细胞成分的损伤，包括DNA、蛋白质和脂质。这种损伤可能引发细胞功能障碍的级联效应，并促进衰老和疾病的发展。研究表明，调节超氧化物不仅对个体健康重要，而且对长寿也有影响。研究表明，具有高效管理超氧化物水平机制的生物往往寿命更长。例如，某些鸟类和哺乳动物表现出增强的抗氧化防御，使它们能够减轻超氧化物和其他ROS的危害影响。此外，超氧化物的研究不仅限于基础生物学；它在医学和药理学中也有实际应用。研究人员正在调查针对超氧化物及其通路的潜在治疗策略。例如，可以开发增强SOD或其他抗氧化剂活性的药物，以治疗与氧化应激相关的疾病。总之，超氧化物是细胞代谢中的一个关键组成部分，具有有益和有害的双重效果。它在免疫防御中的作用突显了其保护身体免受病原体侵害的重要性，而它与氧化应激的关联则强调了需要谨慎调节。随着研究不断揭示超氧化物及其对健康影响的复杂性，越来越清楚的是，理解这一分子对于推进我们在生物学和医学领域的知识至关重要。