marginal value; critical value

简明释义

临界值

英英释义

例句

1.The marginal value (边际价值) of time spent on studying increases as exams approach.

临近考试时，学习所花时间的marginal value (边际价值) 会增加。

2.Calculating the marginal value (边际价值) of each additional hour worked can help employees decide on overtime.

计算每额外工作一小时的marginal value (边际价值) 可以帮助员工决定是否加班。

3.A critical value (临界值) in statistics indicates the threshold at which a hypothesis can be rejected.

统计学中的critical value (临界值) 表示可以拒绝假设的阈值。

4.In economics, understanding the critical value (临界值) helps determine the point at which demand will exceed supply.

在经济学中，理解critical value (临界值) 有助于确定需求超过供应的点。

5.The marginal value (边际价值) of producing one more unit of this product is higher than the cost of production.

生产这个产品多一单位的marginal value (边际价值) 高于生产成本。

作文

In the field of economics, the terms marginal value (边际价值) and critical value (临界值) play significant roles in understanding decision-making processes. The concept of marginal value refers to the additional benefit gained from consuming or producing one more unit of a good or service. It helps individuals and businesses make informed choices by evaluating the trade-offs involved in their decisions. For instance, consider a farmer deciding whether to plant an additional acre of corn. The marginal value of that extra acre would be the extra revenue generated from selling the corn produced on it, minus the costs associated with planting and harvesting. If the marginal value exceeds the costs, the farmer will likely proceed with the planting, as it maximizes profit. On the other hand, critical value is often used in statistical contexts, particularly in hypothesis testing. It represents a threshold that determines whether to reject the null hypothesis. For example, when conducting a study to determine if a new drug is effective, researchers may set a critical value based on a significance level (commonly 0.05). If the test statistic exceeds this critical value, it suggests that the observed effect is statistically significant, leading researchers to conclude that the drug has an effect. Understanding critical value is crucial for making valid inferences from data and ensuring that conclusions drawn are not merely due to chance.Both marginal value and critical value highlight the importance of thresholds in decision-making. In economics, the marginal value helps determine the optimal level of production or consumption, while in statistics, the critical value aids in making decisions based on empirical evidence. Moreover, these concepts can be interconnected. For instance, in business, a company may analyze the marginal value of increasing production to meet rising demand. However, if the production costs rise to a point where they exceed the marginal value, the company must reconsider its strategy. Here, the critical value might refer to the production level at which costs begin to outweigh benefits, guiding the company toward sustainable practices.In conclusion, grasping the concepts of marginal value and critical value is essential for effective decision-making in both economics and statistics. They provide a framework for analyzing scenarios where resources are limited, and choices must be made judiciously. By utilizing these concepts, individuals and organizations can navigate complex situations, optimize outcomes, and ultimately achieve their goals more effectively.

在经济学领域，术语边际价值和临界值在理解决策过程方面发挥着重要作用。边际价值的概念是指消费或生产一个额外单位的商品或服务所获得的额外收益。它帮助个人和企业通过评估决策中的权衡来做出明智的选择。例如，考虑一个农民决定是否种植额外一英亩玉米。那额外一英亩的边际价值将是销售所生产玉米所产生的额外收入，减去种植和收割的成本。如果边际价值超过了成本，农民很可能会继续种植，因为这能最大化利润。另一方面，临界值通常用于统计上下文，特别是在假设检验中。它代表一个阈值，用于确定是否拒绝原假设。例如，在进行研究以确定新药是否有效时，研究人员可能会根据显著性水平（通常为0.05）设置一个临界值。如果检验统计量超过这个临界值，则表明观察到的效果在统计上是显著的，导致研究人员得出该药物有效的结论。理解临界值对于从数据中得出有效推论至关重要，并确保得出的结论不是仅仅由于偶然。边际价值和临界值都强调了决策中阈值的重要性。在经济学中，边际价值帮助确定最佳的生产或消费水平，而在统计学中，临界值有助于根据实证证据做出决策。此外，这些概念可以相互关联。例如，在商业中，公司可能会分析增加生产以满足需求增长的边际价值。然而，如果生产成本上升到超过边际价值的程度，公司必须重新考虑其战略。在这里，临界值可能指的是成本开始超过收益的生产水平，引导公司走向可持续实践。总之，掌握边际价值和临界值的概念对于经济学和统计学中的有效决策至关重要。它们提供了一个框架，用于分析资源有限且必须谨慎做出选择的情境。通过利用这些概念，个人和组织能够驾驭复杂局面，优化结果，并最终更有效地实现他们的目标。