progressive tax; graduated tax

简明释义

累进税

英英释义

例句

1.A fair progressive tax 累进税 policy can help reduce income inequality in society.

公平的累进税 progressive tax政策可以帮助减少社会中的收入不平等。

2.In many countries, a progressive tax 累进税 system is used to ensure that higher earners pay a larger percentage of their income in taxes.

在许多国家，采用累进税 progressive tax制度，以确保高收入者支付更大比例的收入税。

3.Many social programs are funded through revenue generated by a graduated tax 分级税 system.

许多社会项目通过分级税 graduated tax系统产生的收入来资助。

4.The idea behind a graduated tax 分级税 is to reduce the tax burden on lower-income individuals while increasing it for those with higher incomes.

分级税 graduated tax的理念是减轻低收入个人的税负，同时增加高收入者的税负。

5.Critics argue that a progressive tax 累进税 can disincentivize hard work and economic growth.

批评者认为，累进税 progressive tax可能会降低人们的努力工作和经济增长的动力。

作文

The concept of a progressive tax or graduated tax is one that has sparked much debate in the field of economics and public policy. At its core, a progressive tax system is designed to impose a higher tax rate on individuals with higher incomes, while those with lower incomes pay a smaller percentage of their earnings in taxes. This approach aims to reduce income inequality and ensure that the tax burden is distributed more fairly across different income groups.One of the primary arguments in favor of a progressive tax system is that it aligns with the principle of ability to pay. Proponents argue that wealthier individuals can afford to contribute a larger share of their income to support government functions and social programs. For example, if a person earns $100,000 a year, they may be taxed at a higher rate than someone who earns $30,000. This means that the wealthier individual contributes more in absolute terms, which can help fund essential services such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure.Critics of the progressive tax system often argue that it can disincentivize hard work and economic growth. They contend that higher tax rates on higher incomes may discourage individuals from pursuing higher-paying jobs or starting businesses, as they would be required to pay a larger portion of their earnings in taxes. Additionally, some believe that a graduated tax structure can lead to tax avoidance strategies, where individuals seek loopholes or ways to minimize their taxable income.Despite these criticisms, many countries around the world continue to implement progressive tax systems. In the United States, for instance, the federal income tax is structured in a graduated manner, with multiple tax brackets that increase as income rises. This means that individuals do not pay a single tax rate on their entire income, but rather, different portions of their income are taxed at different rates. This structure allows for a more equitable distribution of the tax burden.Furthermore, studies have shown that progressive tax systems can lead to greater social mobility and overall economic stability. By investing tax revenues into public services, governments can provide opportunities for education and job training, which can help lift individuals out of poverty and improve their earning potential. This creates a cycle of growth that benefits society as a whole.In conclusion, the progressive tax or graduated tax system is a crucial aspect of modern taxation that seeks to promote fairness and equity in the distribution of tax burdens. While there are valid concerns regarding its impact on economic incentives, the overall benefits of reducing income inequality and funding essential public services cannot be overlooked. As societies continue to evolve, the discussion around progressive tax systems will remain relevant, shaping the future of economic policy and social justice.

“累进税”或“分级税”的概念在经济学和公共政策领域引发了许多辩论。其核心是，累进税制度旨在对高收入个人征收更高的税率，而低收入者则支付较小比例的收入作为税款。这种方法旨在减少收入不平等，并确保税负在不同收入群体之间更公平地分配。支持累进税制度的主要论点之一是它与支付能力原则相一致。倡导者认为，富裕个人能够承担更大份额的收入来支持政府职能和社会项目。例如，如果一个人年收入为10万美元，他们可能会比年收入3万美元的人支付更高的税率。这意味着富裕个体在绝对数额上贡献更多，这可以帮助资助教育、医疗保健和基础设施等基本服务。反对累进税制度的批评者常常认为它可能会抑制努力工作和经济增长。他们认为，对高收入征收更高的税率可能会使个人不愿追求高薪工作或创办企业，因为他们需要将更大部分的收入用于纳税。此外，有些人认为，分级税结构可能导致避税策略，即个人寻求漏洞或方式来最小化应纳税收入。尽管存在这些批评，世界上许多国家仍继续实施累进税制度。例如，在美国，联邦所得税以分级方式构成，随着收入的增加，多个税率级别也随之提高。这意味着个人并不是对整个收入支付单一税率，而是其收入的不同部分按不同税率征税。这种结构允许税负的更加公平分配。此外，研究表明，累进税制度可以带来更大的社会流动性和整体经济稳定。通过将税收收入投资于公共服务，政府可以提供教育和职业培训机会，这可以帮助将个人从贫困中解救出来，提高他们的收入潜力。这创造了一种惠及整个社会的增长循环。总之，累进税或分级税制度是现代税收的重要组成部分，旨在促进税负分配的公平性和公正性。虽然关于其对经济激励影响的担忧是合理的，但减少收入不平等和资助基本公共服务的整体好处不可忽视。随着社会的不断发展，关于累进税制度的讨论将始终保持相关性，塑造经济政策和社会正义的未来。