expansionary budget

简明释义

扩张性预算

英英释义

例句

1.The government announced an expansionary budget to stimulate economic growth after the recession.

政府宣布了一项扩张性预算以刺激经济增长，帮助摆脱衰退。

2.Critics argue that an expansionary budget can lead to higher national debt.

批评者认为，扩张性预算可能导致国家债务增加。

3.An expansionary budget typically involves increasing public spending and cutting taxes.

扩张性预算通常涉及增加公共支出和减税。

4.During times of high unemployment, policymakers often implement an expansionary budget.

在高失业率时期，政策制定者通常会实施扩张性预算。

5.The expansionary budget was designed to boost infrastructure projects across the country.

这项扩张性预算旨在提升全国的基础设施项目。

作文

An expansionary budget is a fiscal policy tool used by governments to stimulate economic growth during periods of recession or economic slowdown. By increasing government spending and/or decreasing taxes, an expansionary budget aims to boost aggregate demand in the economy. This can lead to increased consumption, investment, and overall economic activity. Understanding the implications of an expansionary budget is crucial for both policymakers and citizens alike.In times of economic downturn, businesses often struggle to maintain their operations due to decreased consumer spending. When people are worried about their financial future, they tend to save more and spend less. This reduction in consumption can lead to a vicious cycle of declining sales, lower production, and ultimately, layoffs. To combat this situation, governments can implement an expansionary budget. By injecting money into the economy through public works projects, social programs, and tax cuts, the government can encourage spending and investment.One of the key components of an expansionary budget is increased government spending. This can take many forms, such as funding for infrastructure projects like roads, bridges, and schools. Such investments not only create jobs in the short term but also improve the long-term productivity of the economy. For instance, better infrastructure can facilitate trade and reduce transportation costs for businesses, leading to enhanced economic efficiency.Another important aspect of an expansionary budget is tax cuts. By reducing the tax burden on individuals and businesses, the government can increase disposable income. This additional income can be spent on goods and services, further stimulating demand. For example, when families have more money after tax cuts, they are likely to spend it on home improvements, education, or leisure activities, all of which contribute to economic growth.However, while an expansionary budget can provide immediate relief during economic crises, it is not without its challenges. Critics argue that increased government spending can lead to higher national debt levels, which may pose long-term risks to economic stability. Additionally, if the economy is already operating at full capacity, an expansionary budget could lead to inflation, as too much money chases too few goods.Moreover, the effectiveness of an expansionary budget can vary depending on the economic context. For instance, during a deep recession, the impact of government spending can be significant, as businesses and consumers are more likely to respond to increased demand. Conversely, in a booming economy, additional government spending might simply lead to inflation rather than real growth.In conclusion, an expansionary budget serves as a vital instrument for governments aiming to stimulate economic activity during downturns. By increasing public spending and cutting taxes, policymakers can foster an environment conducive to growth. However, it is essential to balance these measures with considerations of long-term fiscal health and potential inflationary pressures. Ultimately, understanding the role and implications of an expansionary budget is crucial for navigating the complexities of modern economic policy.

扩张性预算是政府在经济衰退或经济放缓期间用来刺激经济增长的一种财政政策工具。通过增加政府支出和/或降低税收，扩张性预算旨在提升经济中的总需求。这可以导致消费、投资和整体经济活动的增加。理解扩张性预算的影响对政策制定者和公民来说都至关重要。在经济低迷时期，企业常常因消费者支出减少而难以维持运营。当人们担心自己的财务未来时，他们往往会多存钱，少花钱。这种消费减少可能导致销售下降、生产降低，最终裁员。为了应对这种情况，政府可以实施扩张性预算。通过公共工程项目、社会项目和减税等方式向经济注入资金，政府可以鼓励消费和投资。扩张性预算的一个关键组成部分是增加政府支出。这可以采取多种形式，例如为基础设施项目（如道路、桥梁和学校）提供资金。这类投资不仅在短期内创造就业机会，还能改善经济的长期生产力。例如，更好的基础设施可以促进贸易，降低企业的运输成本，从而提高经济效率。扩张性预算的另一个重要方面是减税。通过降低个人和企业的税负，政府可以增加可支配收入。这部分额外收入可以用于消费商品和服务，进一步刺激需求。例如，当家庭在减税后有更多钱时，他们可能会将其用于房屋改善、教育或休闲活动，这些都对经济增长有贡献。然而，虽然扩张性预算在经济危机期间可以提供即时救助，但它并非没有挑战。批评人士认为，增加政府支出可能导致国家债务水平上升，这可能对经济稳定构成长期风险。此外，如果经济已经处于充分就业状态，扩张性预算可能会导致通货膨胀，因为过多的钱追逐过少的商品。此外，扩张性预算的有效性可能因经济背景的不同而有所变化。例如，在严重衰退期间，政府支出的影响可能显著，因为企业和消费者更可能对需求增加做出反应。相反，在繁荣的经济中，额外的政府支出可能只是导致通货膨胀，而不是实际增长。总之，扩张性预算作为政府在经济低迷期间刺激经济活动的重要工具。通过增加公共支出和减税，政策制定者可以营造有利于增长的环境。然而，平衡这些措施与长期财政健康和潜在通货膨胀压力之间的关系至关重要。最终，理解扩张性预算的作用和影响对于应对现代经济政策的复杂性至关重要。