price ceiling

简明释义

价格上限

英英释义

例句

1.Without a price ceiling, landlords could charge excessively high rents during peak seasons.

如果没有价格上限，房东在旺季时可能会收取过高的租金。

2.The price ceiling on essential goods helped prevent price gouging during the emergency.

对必需品的价格上限有助于防止在紧急情况下的价格哄抬。

3.When the price ceiling was set too low, it resulted in long lines at grocery stores.

当价格上限设定得过低时，导致杂货店排起了长队。

4.The government imposed a price ceiling on rent to make housing more affordable for low-income families.

政府对租金施加了价格上限，以使低收入家庭的住房更加负担得起。

5.Many economists argue that a price ceiling can lead to shortages in the market.

许多经济学家认为，价格上限可能会导致市场短缺。

作文

A price ceiling is a government-imposed limit on how high a price can be charged for a product or service. This economic tool is often used to protect consumers from conditions that could make essential goods and services unaffordable. For example, during times of crisis, such as natural disasters or economic downturns, governments may implement a price ceiling on basic necessities like food, water, and fuel to ensure that everyone has access to these vital resources.The concept of a price ceiling can be better understood through an analysis of its effects on the market. When a price ceiling is set below the equilibrium price, which is the price at which supply equals demand, it creates a shortage. This occurs because suppliers are less willing to produce goods at the lower price, leading to a decrease in the quantity supplied. At the same time, the lower price encourages more consumers to purchase the product, resulting in increased demand. The mismatch between supply and demand can lead to long lines, rationing, and even black markets where the goods are sold at higher prices.One of the most notable examples of a price ceiling in action is rent control. Many cities have implemented rent control policies to keep housing affordable for low- and middle-income residents. While the intention behind rent control is noble, the unintended consequences can include a decrease in the quality and quantity of rental housing. Landlords may find it unprofitable to maintain or invest in their properties, leading to a deterioration of housing stock. Additionally, potential developers might be discouraged from building new rental units, exacerbating the housing shortage over time.Another example is the price controls on gasoline that some governments impose during periods of high oil prices. Although a price ceiling can provide immediate relief to consumers by keeping gas prices lower, it can also lead to shortages at the pump. Consumers may flock to gas stations, resulting in long lines and empty tanks. In extreme cases, this can lead to panic buying and hoarding, further complicating the situation.Critics of price ceilings argue that while they may provide short-term relief, they can create long-term problems in the economy. When prices are artificially held down, it disrupts the natural balance of supply and demand. Suppliers may choose to allocate their resources elsewhere, leading to a decline in production. Furthermore, price ceilings can discourage innovation and investment, as businesses may not see the potential for profit in a controlled market.In conclusion, while price ceilings can serve as a useful tool for protecting consumers in the short term, they often lead to unintended consequences that can harm the economy in the long run. It is crucial for policymakers to carefully consider the implications of implementing such measures. Balancing the need for affordable goods and services with the realities of supply and demand is a complex challenge that requires thoughtful deliberation and planning. Ultimately, understanding the dynamics of a price ceiling is essential for anyone interested in economics and public policy, as it highlights the delicate interplay between government intervention and market forces.

价格上限是政府对产品或服务可以收取的最高价格施加的限制。这种经济工具通常用于保护消费者，防止基本商品和服务变得无法负担。例如，在危机时期，如自然灾害或经济衰退，政府可能会对食品、水和燃料等基本必需品实施价格上限，以确保每个人都能获得这些重要资源。通过分析价格上限的市场影响，可以更好地理解这一概念。当价格上限设定在均衡价格以下时，即供需相等的价格，这会造成短缺。这是因为供应商不太愿意以较低的价格生产商品，导致供应量减少。同时，较低的价格鼓励更多消费者购买该产品，导致需求增加。供需之间的不匹配可能导致长队、配给，甚至黑市，商品在黑市上以更高价格出售。价格上限的一个显著例子是租金管制。许多城市实施了租金管制政策，以保持低收入和中等收入居民的住房可负担性。尽管租金管制背后的意图是高尚的，但其意想不到的后果可能包括租赁住房的质量和数量下降。房东可能会发现维护或投资其物业无利可图，从而导致住房库存的恶化。此外，潜在的开发商可能会因不受欢迎的市场而不愿建设新的租赁单位，随着时间的推移加剧住房短缺。另一个例子是某些政府在油价高企期间对汽油实施的价格控制。尽管价格上限可以通过保持较低的油价为消费者提供即时救济，但它也可能导致加油站的短缺。消费者可能会涌向加油站，导致长队和油箱空置。在极端情况下，这可能导致恐慌购买和囤积，进一步复杂化局势。批评者认为，虽然价格上限可能提供短期救济，但它们可能在经济中造成长期问题。当价格被人为压低时，会破坏供需的自然平衡。供应商可能选择将资源分配到其他地方，导致生产下降。此外，价格上限可能会抑制创新和投资，因为企业可能看不到在受控市场中获利的潜力。总之，虽然价格上限可以作为保护消费者的有用工具，但它们往往会导致意想不到的后果，从而在长期内损害经济。政策制定者必须仔细考虑实施此类措施的影响。在满足商品和服务可负担性的需求与供需现实之间取得平衡是一项复杂的挑战，需要深思熟虑的审议和规划。最终，理解价格上限的动态对于任何对经济学和公共政策感兴趣的人来说都是至关重要的，因为它突显了政府干预与市场力量之间的微妙互动。