tight-money policy

简明释义

货币紧缩政策

英英释义

例句

1.Investors often react negatively to a tight-money policy due to higher interest rates.

由于利率上升，投资者通常对紧缩货币政策反应消极。

2.Under a tight-money policy, borrowing costs for businesses are likely to rise.

在紧缩货币政策下，企业的借贷成本可能上升。

3.The government announced a tight-money policy in response to the economic crisis.

政府宣布实施紧缩货币政策以应对经济危机。

4.The central bank implemented a tight-money policy to combat inflation.

中央银行实施了紧缩货币政策以对抗通货膨胀。

5.A tight-money policy can lead to reduced consumer spending.

实施紧缩货币政策可能导致消费者支出减少。

作文

A tight-money policy is a monetary policy that aims to reduce the money supply in an economy, typically to combat inflation. This approach is often implemented by central banks when they perceive that inflation is rising above acceptable levels. The primary mechanism through which a tight-money policy operates is by increasing interest rates, which discourages borrowing and spending by both consumers and businesses. As a result, the overall demand for goods and services in the economy decreases, which can help to stabilize prices.In recent years, many countries have faced the challenge of balancing economic growth with the threat of inflation. For instance, after the global financial crisis of 2008, central banks around the world adopted expansive monetary policies to stimulate their economies. However, as recovery took hold, some nations began to worry about rising inflation rates. In response, they turned to a tight-money policy to rein in excessive price increases.One of the key tools used in a tight-money policy is the adjustment of the federal funds rate, which is the interest rate at which banks lend to each other overnight. By raising this rate, borrowing costs for consumers and businesses increase, leading to reduced spending and investment. This can slow down economic growth, but it is often necessary to prevent an overheated economy from spiraling out of control.Moreover, a tight-money policy can also lead to a stronger currency. When interest rates rise, foreign investors are attracted to the higher returns available in that country, leading to increased demand for the domestic currency. A stronger currency can help to lower import prices, further contributing to the fight against inflation. However, it can also make exports more expensive for foreign buyers, potentially harming domestic manufacturers who rely on international sales.Critics of a tight-money policy argue that it can stifle economic growth and lead to higher unemployment rates. When borrowing becomes more expensive, businesses may delay or cancel expansion plans, and consumers may cut back on spending. This can create a vicious cycle where decreased demand leads to lower production, resulting in job losses and further reductions in consumer spending.In conclusion, while a tight-money policy can be an effective tool for controlling inflation, it must be carefully balanced with the need for economic growth. Policymakers must consider the potential negative impacts on employment and overall economic activity. As such, the implementation of a tight-money policy should be approached with caution, ensuring that the benefits of stabilizing prices do not come at the expense of sustainable economic growth.

紧缩货币政策是一种旨在减少经济中货币供应量的货币政策，通常用于应对通货膨胀。当中央银行认为通货膨胀率上升到不可接受的水平时，通常会实施这种方法。紧缩货币政策的主要机制是通过提高利率来抑制消费者和企业的借贷与支出。因此，经济中商品和服务的总体需求会减少，从而有助于稳定价格。近年来，许多国家面临着在经济增长与通货膨胀威胁之间取得平衡的挑战。例如，在2008年全球金融危机之后，世界各国的中央银行采用了扩张性的货币政策来刺激经济。然而，随着复苏的进行，一些国家开始担心通货膨胀率的上升。为此，他们转向紧缩货币政策以遏制过度的价格上涨。紧缩货币政策所使用的关键工具之一是调整联邦基金利率，即银行之间隔夜借贷的利率。通过提高这一利率，消费者和企业的借贷成本增加，导致支出和投资减少。这可以减缓经济增长，但往往是防止过热经济失控所必需的。此外，紧缩货币政策还可能导致货币升值。当利率上升时，外国投资者被该国可获得的更高回报所吸引，导致对本国货币的需求增加。货币升值可以帮助降低进口价格，进一步为抗击通货膨胀贡献力量。然而，它也可能使出口对于外国买家变得更加昂贵，从而可能损害依赖国际销售的国内制造商。紧缩货币政策的批评者认为，它可能抑制经济增长并导致更高的失业率。当借贷变得更加昂贵时，企业可能会推迟或取消扩张计划，消费者可能会减少支出。这可能形成一个恶性循环，导致需求减少，生产下降，从而导致失业和进一步减少消费者支出。总之，虽然紧缩货币政策可以成为控制通货膨胀的有效工具，但必须与经济增长的需要谨慎平衡。政策制定者必须考虑对就业和整体经济活动的潜在负面影响。因此，实施紧缩货币政策时应谨慎行事，确保稳定价格的好处不会以可持续经济增长为代价。