internal spending multiplier

简明释义

国内支出乘数

英英释义

例句

1.The city council analyzed the internal spending multiplier 内部支出乘数 to justify new investments in public infrastructure.

市议会分析了内部支出乘数 internal spending multiplier以证明对公共基础设施的新投资是合理的。

2.The company calculated the internal spending multiplier 内部支出乘数 to assess the impact of its budget on local economies.

公司计算了内部支出乘数 internal spending multiplier以评估其预算对地方经济的影响。

3.Economists often use the internal spending multiplier 内部支出乘数 to predict the effects of fiscal policy changes.

经济学家常常使用内部支出乘数 internal spending multiplier来预测财政政策变化的影响。

4.Understanding the internal spending multiplier 内部支出乘数 helps businesses make informed decisions about their expenditures.

理解内部支出乘数 internal spending multiplier有助于企业做出明智的支出决策。

5.By increasing salaries, the firm hoped to boost the internal spending multiplier 内部支出乘数 and stimulate consumer spending.

通过提高工资，公司希望提升内部支出乘数 internal spending multiplier，刺激消费支出。

作文

Understanding the concept of the internal spending multiplier is essential for grasping how economies function and grow. At its core, the internal spending multiplier refers to the idea that an initial increase in spending can lead to a larger overall increase in economic activity. This phenomenon occurs because one person's spending becomes another person's income, which then gets spent again, creating a ripple effect throughout the economy.For example, consider a scenario where the government decides to invest in infrastructure projects, such as building roads or bridges. The initial expenditure by the government provides jobs for construction workers, engineers, and suppliers. These workers, now with increased income, spend their earnings on various goods and services, from groceries to entertainment. As these businesses receive more revenue, they may hire additional employees or purchase more supplies, further amplifying the initial investment.The strength of the internal spending multiplier can vary based on several factors, including the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) within the economy. The MPC is the portion of additional income that households are likely to spend rather than save. A higher MPC means that people are more likely to spend their income, resulting in a larger internal spending multiplier. Conversely, if individuals choose to save more of their income, the multiplier effect will be weaker.In addition to the MPC, the overall economic environment also plays a crucial role in determining the effectiveness of the internal spending multiplier. For instance, during periods of economic recession, people may feel uncertain about their financial futures, leading them to save rather than spend. In such cases, even significant government spending may not yield the desired level of economic stimulation due to the weak multiplier effect.Moreover, the internal spending multiplier can also be influenced by the structure of the economy itself. In a highly interconnected economy, where businesses rely on each other for supplies and services, the multiplier effect can be more pronounced. However, in less connected economies, the effect may be diluted as spending does not circulate as effectively.Understanding the internal spending multiplier is vital for policymakers who aim to stimulate economic growth. By recognizing how initial spending can lead to broader economic benefits, governments can make informed decisions about where to allocate resources. Whether through infrastructure investments, tax cuts, or social programs, the goal is often to maximize the impact of spending to achieve sustainable economic growth.In conclusion, the internal spending multiplier is a fundamental concept in economics that illustrates the cascading effects of spending within an economy. It emphasizes the importance of consumer behavior and the interconnectedness of economic activities. By leveraging this understanding, policymakers can better design interventions that promote economic stability and growth, ultimately benefiting society as a whole.

理解内部支出乘数的概念对于掌握经济如何运作和增长至关重要。其核心在于，内部支出乘数指的是初始支出增加可以导致整体经济活动大幅增加的想法。这一现象发生是因为一个人的支出成为另一个人的收入，而后者又会再次消费，从而在经济中产生涟漪效应。例如，假设政府决定投资基础设施项目，比如修建道路或桥梁。政府的初始支出为建筑工人、工程师和供应商提供了就业机会。这些工人现在有了增加的收入，他们将自己的收入用于购买各种商品和服务，从食品杂货到娱乐。当这些企业获得更多收入时，它们可能会雇用更多员工或购买更多供应，从而进一步扩大初始投资的影响。内部支出乘数的强度会因多个因素而异，包括经济中的边际消费倾向（MPC）。MPC是家庭可能花费而不是储蓄的额外收入部分。较高的MPC意味着人们更可能花费他们的收入，从而导致更大的内部支出乘数。相反，如果个人选择储蓄更多收入，则乘数效应会减弱。此外，整体经济环境在决定内部支出乘数的有效性方面也起着关键作用。例如，在经济衰退期间，人们可能对自己的财务未来感到不确定，这使得他们更倾向于储蓄而非消费。在这种情况下，即使政府的支出很大，由于乘数效应较弱，也可能无法产生预期的经济刺激效果。此外，内部支出乘数还受到经济结构本身的影响。在一个高度互联的经济体中，企业相互依赖于供应和服务，乘数效应可能更加明显。然而，在联系较少的经济体中，由于支出未能有效循环，效应可能会减弱。理解内部支出乘数对于希望刺激经济增长的决策者至关重要。通过认识到初始支出如何导致更广泛的经济利益，政府可以就资源的分配做出明智的决策。无论是通过基础设施投资、减税还是社会项目，目标通常是最大化支出的影响，以实现可持续的经济增长。总之，内部支出乘数是经济学中的一个基本概念，展示了支出在经济中产生的级联效应。它强调了消费者行为和经济活动相互关联的重要性。通过利用这一理解，政策制定者可以更好地设计促进经济稳定和增长的干预措施，最终惠及整个社会。