heterozygote

简明释义

英[ˌhetərəˈzaɪɡəʊt]美[ˌhetərəˈzaɪɡoʊt]

n. 杂合子；异形合子；[遗] 异质接合体

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Owing to the influence of various complex factors, it is possible for the heterozygote of autosomal dominant inheritance to appear in different phenotypes.

由于各种复杂因素的影响，常染色体显性遗传的杂合子有可能出现不同的表现型，本文阐述了常染色体显性遗传的几种类型。

2.Haploid embryos which only with chromosome of female parent were obtained due to the chromosome elimination of pollen parent quickly and completely during the heterozygote development.

利用杂合子发育过程中来自父本的染色体完全、迅速地消失得到大量单倍体胚。

3.In addition, analysis of fixation indices revealed a slight heterozygote deficiency in some populations and at some loci.

另外，固定指数分析显示在一些种群和位点有轻微的杂合子缺乏。

4.The heterozygote genotypes in F2 population in this type of species are different from those in general species in which the genetic recombination occurs in meiosis of both male and female.

这类物种的杂交F2群体中杂合子基因型的与一般物种中雌雄个体的减数分裂细胞都发生遗传重组的F2群体杂合子表型不同。

5.Obligate heterozygote --- An individual who may be clinically unaffected but on the basis of pedigree analysis must carry a specific mutant allele.

遗传上已确认为携带特异的突变等位基因，但临床上还未发病的个体。

6.The effects of this SNP on backfat thickness in Landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc were estimated using least square method. The homozygote pigs had thicker backfat than the heterozygote ones.

用最小二乘法分析SNP对长白猪、约克夏猪和杜洛克猪的背膘厚的效应的结果表明，纯合基因型个体的背膘厚大于杂合基因型个体。

7.Some diseases are more prevalent in heterozygotes 杂合子 due to the presence of a recessive allele.

由于隐性等位基因的存在，一些疾病在heterozygotes 杂合子中更为普遍。

8.In genetic studies, researchers often look for heterozygotes 杂合子 to understand the inheritance patterns of traits.

在遗传研究中，研究人员通常寻找heterozygotes 杂合子以了解性状的遗传模式。

9.A person who carries one normal allele and one mutated allele for a gene is called a heterozygote 杂合子.

一个携带一个正常等位基因和一个突变等位基因的人被称为heterozygote 杂合子。

10.When studying a population, scientists may determine the frequency of heterozygotes 杂合子 to assess genetic diversity.

在研究一个种群时，科学家可能会确定heterozygotes 杂合子的频率以评估遗传多样性。

11.The heterozygote 杂合子 advantage can lead to increased survival in certain environments.

在某些环境中，heterozygote 杂合子优势可以导致生存率提高。

作文

In the field of genetics, the term heterozygote refers to an organism that possesses two different alleles for a particular gene. This genetic variation is crucial for understanding how traits are inherited and expressed in living organisms. For instance, consider a simple trait such as flower color in pea plants, where one allele codes for purple flowers and another for white flowers. When a plant inherits one allele for purple flowers and one for white flowers, it is classified as a heterozygote (杂合子). The expression of these alleles can lead to different phenotypes, depending on whether one allele is dominant over the other.The significance of being a heterozygote extends beyond mere physical traits; it plays a vital role in the survival and adaptability of species. Genetic diversity, which includes the presence of heterozygotes, allows populations to better withstand environmental changes and resist diseases. For example, in human populations, certain genetic disorders are more prevalent in individuals who are homozygous for specific alleles. However, those who are heterozygotes may have a selective advantage. A classic case is sickle cell anemia: individuals who are heterozygotes for the sickle cell trait have some protection against malaria, while homozygous individuals suffer from the disease.Moreover, the concept of heterozygote is essential in breeding programs, particularly in agriculture and animal husbandry. By intentionally creating heterozygotes, breeders can enhance desirable traits such as yield, disease resistance, and adaptability. For example, hybrid crops often result from crossing two heterozygote parents, leading to offspring that exhibit heterosis, or hybrid vigor. This phenomenon results in increased growth rates and improved yields compared to their parents.Understanding the role of heterozygotes also provides insights into evolutionary processes. Natural selection favors heterozygotes in fluctuating environments, promoting genetic variation within populations. This variability is essential for evolution, as it provides the raw material upon which natural selection can act. In stable environments, however, homozygosity might be favored, leading to a decrease in genetic diversity.In conclusion, the study of heterozygotes is fundamental to genetics, ecology, and evolutionary biology. It highlights the importance of genetic variation in the health and survival of species. As we continue to explore the complexities of genetics, the role of heterozygotes will remain a key area of research, with implications for medicine, conservation, and agriculture. Understanding this concept not only enriches our knowledge of biological processes but also underscores the intricate connections between genetics and the environment, reminding us of the delicate balance that sustains life on Earth.

在遗传学领域，术语杂合子指的是具有特定基因的两个不同等位基因的生物体。这种遗传变异对于理解性状如何在生物体中遗传和表现至关重要。例如，考虑豌豆植物中一个简单的性状，如花色，其中一个等位基因编码紫色花朵，另一个编码白色花朵。当一株植物继承一个紫色花朵的等位基因和一个白色花朵的等位基因时，它被归类为杂合子。这些等位基因的表达可能导致不同的表型，具体取决于一个等位基因是否对另一个等位基因具有显性。作为杂合子的重要性超越了单纯的物理性状；它在物种的生存和适应能力中发挥着至关重要的作用。遗传多样性，包括杂合子的存在，使得种群能够更好地抵御环境变化和抵抗疾病。例如，在人类种群中，某些遗传疾病在特定等位基因的纯合体中更为普遍。然而，那些是杂合子的人可能具有选择优势。一个经典的例子是镰状细胞贫血：携带镰状细胞性状的杂合子个体对疟疾有一定的保护，而纯合体个体则会遭受这种疾病。此外，杂合子的概念在农业和动物饲养的育种计划中也至关重要。通过故意创造杂合子，育种者可以增强如产量、抗病性和适应性等理想特性。例如，杂交作物通常是通过交叉两个杂合子父母而产生的，导致后代表现出杂种优势或杂交生长力。这种现象导致与其父母相比，增长率和产量的增加。了解杂合子的角色还提供了对进化过程的深入见解。自然选择在波动的环境中偏好杂合子，促进种群内的遗传变异。这种变异对于进化至关重要，因为它提供了自然选择可以作用的原材料。然而，在稳定的环境中，可能更偏好纯合性，从而导致遗传多样性的减少。总之，研究杂合子对于遗传学、生态学和进化生物学至关重要。它突显了遗传变异在物种健康和生存中的重要性。随着我们继续探索遗传学的复杂性，杂合子的角色将始终是一个关键研究领域，对医学、保护和农业都有影响。理解这一概念不仅丰富了我们对生物过程的知识，也强调了遗传学与环境之间错综复杂的联系，提醒我们维持地球生命所需的微妙平衡。