national income accounting

简明释义

国民收入核算

英英释义

例句

1.One key component of national income accounting is the calculation of Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

在国民收入核算中，一个关键组成部分是国内生产总值（GDP）的计算。

2.Businesses use data from national income accounting to forecast market trends.

企业利用国民收入核算的数据来预测市场趋势。

3.Policymakers often refer to national income accounting when designing fiscal policies.

政策制定者在设计财政政策时常常参考国民收入核算。

4.The government relies on national income accounting to measure the economic performance of the country.

政府依赖国民收入核算来衡量国家的经济表现。

5.Understanding national income accounting is crucial for economists when analyzing GDP.

理解国民收入核算对于经济学家在分析GDP时至关重要。

作文

National income accounting is a crucial framework used by economists to measure the economic performance of a country. This system provides a comprehensive overview of a nation’s economic activities, which includes the total value of goods and services produced over a specific period. The primary aim of national income accounting (国民收入核算) is to track the economic health of a country by providing essential data that can inform policy decisions and economic strategies.The most common measures derived from national income accounting (国民收入核算) are Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Gross National Product (GNP), and Net National Product (NNP). GDP represents the total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a given time frame, typically a year. On the other hand, GNP includes the value of all final goods and services produced by the residents of a country, regardless of where the production occurs. NNP adjusts GNP by subtracting depreciation, which accounts for the loss of value of capital goods over time.Understanding these concepts is vital for policymakers and economists as they help to gauge the overall economic performance and living standards of a nation. For instance, a rising GDP indicates a growing economy, which often correlates with increased employment opportunities and higher living standards. Conversely, a declining GDP may signal economic troubles, leading to potential unemployment and lower quality of life for citizens.Moreover, national income accounting (国民收入核算) also plays a significant role in international comparisons. By analyzing the national income figures, economists can compare the economic performance of different countries. This comparison can highlight which nations are thriving and which are struggling, offering insights into global economic trends and helping to identify areas for improvement.Another important aspect of national income accounting (国民收入核算) is its ability to inform fiscal and monetary policies. Governments utilize this data to make informed decisions about taxation, spending, and investment. For example, if the data shows that the economy is contracting, the government might implement stimulus measures to encourage spending and investment. Conversely, if the economy is overheating, it might choose to raise interest rates to cool down inflation.In addition to its practical applications, national income accounting (国民收入核算) also raises important theoretical questions about how economies operate. Economists debate the best ways to measure economic activity and the implications of different accounting methods. For instance, some argue that traditional measures like GDP do not account for the informal economy or the value of unpaid work, such as caregiving. This has led to discussions about the need for more inclusive measures that reflect the true state of a nation’s economy.In conclusion, national income accounting (国民收入核算) serves as a foundational tool for understanding and analyzing the economic performance of a country. It provides critical data that guides policymakers, informs economic strategies, and enables international comparisons. As economies continue to evolve, the methods and measures used in national income accounting (国民收入核算) will also need to adapt to ensure that they accurately reflect the complexities of modern economic activity.

国民收入核算是经济学家用来衡量一个国家经济表现的关键框架。该系统提供了国家经济活动的全面概述，包括在特定时期内生产的商品和服务的总价值。国民收入核算的主要目的是通过提供重要数据来跟踪国家的经济健康状况，这些数据可以为政策决策和经济战略提供信息。从国民收入核算中得出的最常见指标是国内生产总值（GDP）、国民生产总值（GNP）和净国民生产总值（NNP）。GDP代表在特定时间段内，在一个国家边界内生产的所有最终商品和服务的总市场价值，通常是按年计算。另一方面，GNP包括由一个国家居民生产的所有最终商品和服务的价值，无论生产发生在哪里。NNP通过减去折旧来调整GNP，这考虑了资本货物随时间的价值损失。理解这些概念对政策制定者和经济学家至关重要，因为它们有助于评估国家的整体经济表现和生活水平。例如，GDP的上升表明经济增长，这通常与就业机会增加和公民生活水平提高相关。相反，GDP的下降可能预示着经济问题，导致潜在的失业和公民生活质量下降。此外，国民收入核算还在国际比较中发挥着重要作用。通过分析国民收入数据，经济学家可以比较不同国家的经济表现。这种比较可以突出哪些国家正在繁荣，哪些国家在挣扎，从而提供全球经济趋势的洞察，并帮助识别改进领域。国民收入核算的另一个重要方面是其能够为财政和货币政策提供信息。政府利用这些数据做出关于税收、支出和投资的明智决策。例如，如果数据显示经济正在收缩，政府可能会实施刺激措施以鼓励消费和投资。相反，如果经济过热，它可能会选择提高利率以抑制通货膨胀。除了其实用应用外，国民收入核算还提出了关于经济如何运作的重要理论问题。经济学家辩论衡量经济活动的最佳方法以及不同核算方法的影响。例如，一些人认为传统的GDP等衡量标准没有考虑到非正式经济或无偿工作的价值，例如照顾工作。这引发了关于需要更具包容性的衡量标准的讨论，以反映一个国家经济的真实状态。总之，国民收入核算作为理解和分析一个国家经济表现的基础工具。它提供了指导政策制定者、告知经济战略和实现国际比较的关键数据。随着经济的不断发展，国民收入核算所使用的方法和指标也需要适应，以确保它们准确反映现代经济活动的复杂性。