pentose

简明释义

英[ˈpentəʊs]美[ˈpentoʊs]

n. [有化] 戊糖

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The major components of hemicellulose is pentose, including xylose, arabinose, etc., which can be used as carbon source of ethanol fermentation.

其半纤维的主要组成成分是戊糖，包括木糖、阿拉伯糖等，可以作为酒精发酵的碳源。

2.The repression of hexose catabolite on pentose fermentation could be resolved by controlling the amount of air supply.

废液中已糖对戊糖代谢的抑制可通过调节空气量来解决。

3.Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and 6-phosphaogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH) are key enzymes in the plant pentose phosphate pathway.

葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶与6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶是植物戊糖磷酸途径中的两个关键酶。

4.Sensitive varieties apprently respire mainly by the glycolysis pathway whereas resistant varieties depend more on the pentose phosphate pathway.

显然敏感品种的呼吸主要通过糖酵解途径，而抗性品种比较依赖戊糖磷酸途径。

5.A nitrogenous molecule, either a PYRIMIDINE or a PURINE, that combines with a pentose sugar and phosphoric acid to form a nucleotide, the fundamental unit of nucleic acids.

一种含氮的分子，嘌呤碱或者是嘧啶碱，它们和戊糖还有磷酸一起构成核苷酸，核苷酸是核酸的基本结构单位。

6.This study facilitated the research on the roles of pentose phosphate pathway in the osmoadaptation and glycerol metabolism in…

该研究为阐明磷酸戊糖途径在产甘油假丝酵母耐高渗和甘油高产中的作用奠定了基础。

7.The pentose 五碳糖 phosphate pathway is vital for producing nucleotides and nucleic acids.

pentose 五碳糖 磷酸途径对于产生核苷酸和核酸至关重要。

8.The structure of DNA includes a deoxyribose pentose 五碳糖, which differs from ribose found in RNA.

DNA的结构包括一种脱氧核糖pentose 五碳糖，与RNA中的核糖不同。

9.During cellular respiration, some organisms convert glucose into pentose 五碳糖 to synthesize nucleotides.

在细胞呼吸过程中，一些生物将葡萄糖转化为pentose 五碳糖以合成核苷酸。

10.In biochemistry, pentose 五碳糖 sugars are essential for the structure of nucleotides.

在生物化学中，pentose 五碳糖 对于核苷酸的结构至关重要。

11.The sugar component of RNA is a pentose 五碳糖 that plays a crucial role in genetic coding.

RNA的糖成分是一个pentose 五碳糖，在遗传编码中起着至关重要的作用。

作文

In the world of biochemistry, understanding the structure and function of various molecules is crucial. One such important molecule is the sugar known as pentose, which plays a vital role in cellular processes. A pentose is a monosaccharide that contains five carbon atoms in its molecular structure. The significance of pentose sugars can be observed in their involvement in the backbone of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. In DNA, the pentose sugar is deoxyribose, while in RNA, it is ribose. These sugars not only contribute to the structural integrity of these essential biomolecules but also influence their functions. The presence of a pentose sugar in nucleic acids is critical for the formation of the nucleotide, which is the building block of DNA and RNA. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar. The arrangement of these components determines the genetic information carried by DNA and RNA. Furthermore, the specific type of pentose sugar present affects the stability and reactivity of the nucleic acid. For instance, the absence of an oxygen atom in deoxyribose makes DNA more stable compared to RNA, which is more reactive due to the presence of ribose. Apart from their role in nucleic acids, pentose sugars also participate in various metabolic pathways. One notable pathway is the pentose phosphate pathway, which is essential for cellular metabolism. This pathway generates NADPH, a reducing agent used in anabolic reactions, and ribose-5-phosphate, a precursor for nucleotide synthesis. The importance of this pathway highlights the central role of pentose sugars in maintaining cellular functions and supporting growth. Moreover, pentose sugars are not limited to nucleic acids and metabolic pathways; they also have applications in biotechnology and medicine. For example, ribose has been studied for its potential benefits in improving athletic performance and enhancing recovery after exercise. The supplementation of ribose may help replenish ATP levels, which are crucial for energy production in muscle cells. Additionally, pentose sugars are being explored for their roles in drug delivery systems and as components in various therapeutic agents. In conclusion, pentose sugars are fundamental to numerous biological processes. Their structural characteristics and involvement in critical pathways underline their significance in biochemistry. By studying pentose and its derivatives, scientists can gain insights into the intricate workings of life at the molecular level. Understanding these sugars not only enhances our knowledge of cellular functions but also opens avenues for advancements in health and technology. As research continues to unfold, the implications of pentose sugars in various fields will undoubtedly expand, highlighting their importance in both nature and science.

在生物化学的世界中，理解各种分子的结构和功能至关重要。一个重要的分子是被称为五碳糖的糖，它在细胞过程中扮演着重要的角色。五碳糖是一种单糖，其分子结构中包含五个碳原子。五碳糖的意义可以通过它们参与核酸的骨架，例如DNA和RNA来观察。在DNA中，五碳糖是脱氧核糖，而在RNA中则是核糖。这些糖不仅有助于这些基本生物分子的结构完整性，还影响它们的功能。五碳糖在核酸中的存在对形成核苷酸至关重要，核苷酸是DNA和RNA的基本构件。每个核苷酸由一个氮碱基、一个磷酸基团和一个五碳糖组成。这些成分的排列决定了DNA和RNA所携带的遗传信息。此外，存在的特定类型的五碳糖会影响核酸的稳定性和反应性。例如，脱氧核糖中缺少一个氧原子使得DNA比RNA更稳定，而RNA由于含有核糖而更具反应性。除了在核酸中的作用外，五碳糖还参与多种代谢途径。其中一个显著的途径是五碳磷酸途径，这对细胞代谢至关重要。该途径生成NADPH，这是一种用于合成反应的还原剂，以及核糖-5-磷酸，这是核苷酸合成的前体。这个途径的重要性突显了五碳糖在维持细胞功能和支持生长方面的核心作用。此外，五碳糖不仅限于核酸和代谢途径；它们在生物技术和医学中也有应用。例如，核糖因其在改善运动表现和增强运动后恢复中的潜在益处而受到研究。补充核糖可能有助于补充ATP水平，而ATP对于肌肉细胞的能量生产至关重要。此外，五碳糖也在药物递送系统和各种治疗剂的组成中被探索。总之，五碳糖在许多生物过程中是基础。它们的结构特征和在关键途径中的参与强调了它们在生物化学中的重要性。通过研究五碳糖及其衍生物，科学家可以深入了解生命在分子层面的复杂运作。理解这些糖不仅增强了我们对细胞功能的认识，还为健康和技术的进步打开了新的途径。随着研究的不断深入，五碳糖在各个领域的影响无疑将扩大，突显其在自然和科学中的重要性。