public monopoly

简明释义

公共独占,公共垄断,公家独占,公家专利

英英释义

例句

1.The local transportation system is run as a public monopoly 公共垄断, which helps keep fares affordable for residents.

当地的交通系统作为一个公共垄断 公共垄断运营，这有助于保持居民的票价可负担。

2.In many countries, the postal service operates as a public monopoly 公共垄断, ensuring that everyone has access to mail delivery.

在许多国家，邮政服务作为一个公共垄断 公共垄断，确保每个人都能获得邮件投递。

3.The government decided to maintain the public monopoly 公共垄断 on water supply to avoid privatization issues.

政府决定维持对水供应的公共垄断 公共垄断以避免私有化问题。

4.In some regions, electricity distribution is a public monopoly 公共垄断, allowing for regulated pricing and service standards.

在某些地区，电力分配是一个公共垄断 公共垄断，允许对价格和服务标准进行监管。

5.Critics argue that a public monopoly 公共垄断 in education can lead to inefficiencies and lack of innovation.

批评者认为，教育领域的公共垄断 公共垄断可能导致低效和缺乏创新。

作文

In the realm of economics and public policy, the term public monopoly refers to a situation where a government or state-owned entity is the sole provider of a particular good or service. This concept often arises in industries that are deemed essential for the public welfare, such as water supply, electricity, and public transportation. The rationale behind establishing a public monopoly is rooted in the belief that certain services are better managed by the government rather than private entities, particularly when these services are critical to the well-being of society.One of the primary arguments in favor of public monopoly is the potential for universal access. For instance, when a government controls the distribution of water, it can ensure that every citizen, regardless of their socioeconomic status, has access to clean drinking water. In contrast, if this service were privatized, there could be significant disparities in access based on income levels. This is particularly important in developing countries where inequality is a pressing issue.Moreover, public monopolies can lead to economies of scale. By consolidating resources and operations under a single entity, governments can reduce costs and improve efficiency. For example, a national railway system can streamline operations, reduce ticket prices, and offer more comprehensive coverage than multiple competing private companies. This can result in a more efficient allocation of resources and better service delivery to the public.However, the establishment of a public monopoly is not without its challenges and criticisms. One major concern is the potential for inefficiency and lack of innovation. Without competition, there may be less incentive for a public monopoly to improve services or reduce prices. Critics argue that the absence of market forces can lead to complacency, resulting in poor service quality and stagnation.Furthermore, there is the risk of bureaucratic overreach. A public monopoly can become a tool for political agendas, leading to mismanagement and corruption. When a single entity controls an essential service, it can be susceptible to political influence, which may not always align with the best interests of the public. This necessitates the implementation of robust oversight and accountability measures to ensure that the public monopoly operates effectively and transparently.In conclusion, the concept of public monopoly embodies both opportunities and challenges. While it can provide essential services equitably and efficiently, it also poses risks of inefficiency and political misuse. As societies continue to grapple with the balance between public and private sector involvement in essential services, understanding the implications of public monopoly becomes increasingly important. Policymakers must carefully consider the context and industry before deciding whether to establish or maintain a public monopoly, ensuring that the needs of the public are met without compromising efficiency or accountability.

在经济和公共政策领域，术语公共垄断指的是政府或国有实体是特定商品或服务的唯一提供者的情况。这个概念通常出现在被认为对公共福利至关重要的行业，例如水供应、电力和公共交通。建立公共垄断的理由根植于这样的信念：某些服务由政府管理比私人实体更好，特别是当这些服务对社会的福祉至关重要时。支持公共垄断的主要论点之一是普遍获取的潜力。例如，当政府控制水的分配时，它可以确保每个公民，无论其社会经济地位如何，都能获得干净的饮用水。相反，如果这项服务被私有化，基于收入水平可能会存在显著的获取差异。这在发展中国家尤其重要，因为不平等问题亟待解决。此外，公共垄断可以导致规模经济。通过将资源和运营整合到一个实体下，政府可以降低成本并提高效率。例如，国家铁路系统可以简化运营，降低票价，并提供比多个竞争的私人公司更全面的覆盖。这可以导致资源的更有效配置和更好的服务交付给公众。然而，建立公共垄断并非没有挑战和批评。一个主要的担忧是效率低下和缺乏创新的潜在风险。没有竞争，公共垄断可能缺乏改善服务或降低价格的动力。批评者认为，市场力量的缺失可能导致自满，从而导致服务质量差和停滞不前。此外，存在官僚主义过度干预的风险。公共垄断可能成为政治议程的工具，导致管理不善和腐败。当一个实体控制一项基本服务时，它可能容易受到政治影响，而这种影响不一定总是符合公众的最佳利益。这就需要实施强有力的监督和问责措施，以确保公共垄断的有效和透明运作。总之，公共垄断的概念体现了机遇和挑战。虽然它可以公平和高效地提供基本服务，但也存在效率低下和政治滥用的风险。随着社会继续努力在基本服务中平衡公共和私营部门的参与，理解公共垄断的影响变得越来越重要。政策制定者必须在决定是否建立或维持公共垄断之前仔细考虑背景和行业，确保满足公众需求而不妨碍效率或问责制。