alkenes

简明释义

英[ˈælkiːnz]美[ˈælkiːnz]

n. 烯属烃

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Based on the reaction medium and the elements in the catalysts, the recent progresses of epoxidation of alkenes with hydrogen peroxide have been reviewed.

以反应介质和主催化元素为线索，对双氧水为氧源的烯烃环氧化反应的最新研究进展进行了综述。

2.And cigarette smoking increases the risk of Alzheimer's by more than 150 percent, possibly because of the type-2 alkenes in tobacco smoke.

二手烟将罹患阿尔兹·海默症的风险提高1.5倍，很可能是因为烟草中含有2型烯烃。

3.Neutralizing type-2 alkenes in the brain will likely be a good strategy for fighting Alzheimer's, said D. Allan Butterfield, a biological chemist at the University of Kentucky, Lexington.

供职于肯塔基州列克星敦大学的生物化学家AllanButterfield博士认为，中和脑内的2型烯烃很可能是对抗阿尔兹海默症的好方法。

4.Symmetrical diynes were synthesized by ligand-free copper-catalyzed homocoupling reaction of 1,1-dibromo-1- alkenes using a DBU/DMSO system at room temperature in good to excellent yields.

本文以1，1-二溴-1-烯烃为原料，铜作为催化剂，不添加任何配体，在有机碱DBU的作用下，在DMSO溶剂中，室温下合成对称二炔，得到中等到优秀的产率。

5.Alkenes react with water and halogens to form halohydrins by an addition reaction.

烯烃与水和卤素发生加成反应生成卤代醇。

6.Prediction of the critical volume of alkenes using a quantitative structure property relationship;

提出了一种基于元素和化学键的估算有机物临界体积的新方法。

7.Many industrial processes utilize alkenes as starting materials for the synthesis of plastics.

许多工业过程利用烯烃作为塑料合成的原料。

8.The addition of hydrogen to alkenes is known as hydrogenation.

将氢添加到烯烃中被称为氢化。

9.The presence of a double bond characterizes alkenes in their molecular structure.

烯烃在其分子结构中以双键为特征。

10.Polyethylene is made from the polymerization of alkenes like ethylene.

聚乙烯是由像乙烯这样的烯烃聚合而成的。

11.In organic chemistry, alkenes are important compounds due to their reactivity.

在有机化学中，烯烃是由于其反应性而重要的化合物。

作文

Alkenes are a fascinating group of hydrocarbons that play a crucial role in organic chemistry. They are characterized by the presence of at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) in their molecular structure. This unique feature distinguishes them from alkanes, which only contain single bonds. The general formula for alkenes is CnH2n, where n represents the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. For instance, when n equals 2, the simplest alkene, ethene (commonly known as ethylene), has the formula C2H4. Alkenes are not only important in theoretical studies but also have significant practical applications in various industries.One of the most notable characteristics of alkenes (烯烃) is their reactivity. Due to the presence of the double bond, they can undergo several types of chemical reactions, including addition reactions, polymerization, and oxidation. For example, when alkenes react with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, they can be converted into alkanes through a process called hydrogenation. This reaction is widely used in the food industry to convert liquid vegetable oils into solid fats, such as margarine.Moreover, alkenes (烯烃) serve as essential building blocks in the synthesis of various chemicals. They are used to produce plastics, alcohols, and other valuable compounds. The polymerization of alkenes leads to the formation of polyethylene, one of the most common plastics used today. Polyethylene is utilized in countless products, ranging from plastic bags to bottles and containers. The versatility of alkenes (烯烃) in manufacturing processes highlights their importance in modern society.In addition to their industrial applications, alkenes (烯烃) also have environmental implications. Some alkenes are found in natural sources, such as plants and fruits, where they contribute to the aroma and flavor. However, certain alkenes can also be harmful pollutants. For instance, ethylene is a known precursor to ground-level ozone, a major component of smog. Understanding the behavior of alkenes (烯烃) in the environment is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate air pollution and protect public health.The study of alkenes (烯烃) is not limited to their chemical properties; it also encompasses their physical characteristics. Alkenes are generally less dense than water and have lower boiling points compared to their alkane counterparts. These properties make them useful as solvents and fuels. Additionally, the presence of the double bond in alkenes (烯烃) contributes to their unique geometric configurations, leading to cis and trans isomerism. This phenomenon is particularly important in the field of medicinal chemistry, where the spatial arrangement of atoms can significantly affect the biological activity of a compound.In conclusion, alkenes (烯烃) are a vital class of hydrocarbons that offer numerous applications in both industrial and environmental contexts. Their distinctive double bond structure not only influences their chemical reactivity but also their physical properties. As we continue to explore the world of organic chemistry, the significance of alkenes (烯烃) will undoubtedly remain at the forefront of scientific research and innovation. Understanding these compounds better will enable us to harness their potential while addressing the challenges they may pose to our environment.

烯烃是一类有趣的烃类，在有机化学中起着至关重要的作用。它们的特征是分子结构中至少存在一个碳-碳双键（C=C）。这一独特特征使它们与仅包含单键的烷烃区分开来。烯烃的一般化学式为CnH2n，其中n代表分子中的碳原子数量。例如，当n等于2时，最简单的烯烃乙烯（通常称为乙烯）的化学式为C2H4。烯烃不仅在理论研究中重要，而且在各个行业中具有重要的实际应用。烯烃（alkenes）最显著的特征之一是它们的反应性。由于存在双键，它们可以经历几种类型的化学反应，包括加成反应、聚合反应和氧化反应。例如，当烯烃在催化剂的存在下与氢气反应时，可以通过氢化过程转化为烷烃。这一反应在食品工业中广泛应用，用于将液态植物油转化为固态脂肪，如人造黄油。此外，烯烃（alkenes）作为合成各种化学品的重要构建块被广泛使用。它们用于生产塑料、醇类及其他有价值的化合物。烯烃的聚合反应会形成聚乙烯，这是一种当今最常见的塑料。聚乙烯被广泛用于无数产品，从塑料袋到瓶子和容器。烯烃（alkenes）在制造过程中的多功能性突显了它们在现代社会中的重要性。除了工业应用外，烯烃（alkenes）还具有环境影响。一些烯烃存在于天然来源中，如植物和水果，它们对香气和风味有贡献。然而，某些烯烃也可能成为有害污染物。例如，乙烯是地面臭氧的已知前体，臭氧是雾霾的主要成分。了解烯烃（alkenes）在环境中的行为对于制定减轻空气污染和保护公众健康的策略至关重要。烯烃（alkenes）的研究不仅限于其化学性质，还包括它们的物理特性。烯烃的密度通常低于水，且与其烷烃对应物相比，沸点较低。这些特性使它们在溶剂和燃料方面具有用处。此外，烯烃（alkenes）中双键的存在使其具有独特的几何构型，导致顺式和反式异构体现象。这一现象在医药化学领域尤其重要，因为原子的空间排列可能显著影响化合物的生物活性。总之，烯烃（alkenes）是一类重要的烃类，在工业和环境背景中提供了众多应用。它们独特的双键结构不仅影响其化学反应性，还影响其物理特性。随着我们继续探索有机化学的世界，烯烃（alkenes）的重要性无疑将继续处于科学研究和创新的前沿。更好地理解这些化合物将使我们能够利用它们的潜力，同时应对它们可能给环境带来的挑战。