high powered money

简明释义

高效货币

英英释义

例句

1.An increase in high powered money 高能货币 can lead to lower interest rates.

增加高能货币 high powered money可能导致利率下降。

2.During a financial crisis, the central bank may inject more high powered money 高能货币 into the banking system.

在金融危机期间，中央银行可能会向银行系统注入更多的高能货币 high powered money。

3.Banks are required to hold a certain percentage of high powered money 高能货币 as reserves.

银行需要持有一定比例的高能货币 high powered money作为准备金。

4.The central bank controls the supply of high powered money 高能货币 to regulate inflation.

中央银行控制高能货币 high powered money的供应以调节通货膨胀。

5.The government issued bonds to absorb excess high powered money 高能货币 from the economy.

政府发行债券以吸收经济中过剩的高能货币 high powered money。

作文

High powered money, often referred to as base money or reserve money, is a crucial concept in the field of economics and finance. It represents the most liquid forms of money in an economy, which include cash in circulation and reserves held by banks at the central bank. Understanding high powered money is essential for grasping how monetary policy works and how it influences the overall economy.To begin with, high powered money is created by the central bank through various means, such as open market operations, where the central bank buys or sells government securities. When the central bank purchases securities, it injects liquidity into the banking system, increasing the amount of high powered money available. Conversely, when it sells securities, it withdraws liquidity, reducing the amount of high powered money. This process directly affects the money supply and interest rates in the economy.The significance of high powered money lies in its role as the foundation of the broader money supply. Banks can lend out a portion of their reserves, which creates additional money in the form of deposits. This phenomenon is known as the money multiplier effect. For instance, if a bank has $1 million in reserves and the reserve requirement is 10%, it can theoretically lend out $900,000. This lending activity generates new deposits, effectively multiplying the initial high powered money created by the central bank.Moreover, high powered money plays a pivotal role in controlling inflation and stabilizing the economy. Central banks monitor the levels of high powered money to ensure that it aligns with economic growth. If the supply of high powered money grows too quickly, it can lead to inflation, as more money chases the same amount of goods and services. On the other hand, if there is insufficient high powered money, it can result in deflation and slow economic growth.In addition to its impact on inflation, high powered money is also a key tool for managing interest rates. By adjusting the supply of high powered money, central banks can influence short-term interest rates, which in turn affect borrowing costs for consumers and businesses. Lower interest rates encourage borrowing and spending, stimulating economic activity, while higher rates can help cool down an overheating economy.Furthermore, the concept of high powered money extends beyond mere definitions and mechanics; it is also tied to the trust and confidence that individuals and businesses have in the financial system. The effectiveness of high powered money hinges on the public's belief that it will retain its value over time. This trust is crucial for the functioning of modern economies, as it ensures that people are willing to use high powered money for transactions and savings.In conclusion, high powered money is a fundamental element of the financial system, serving as the backbone for the money supply and influencing economic stability. Its creation and management by central banks have far-reaching implications for inflation, interest rates, and overall economic growth. A thorough understanding of high powered money not only illuminates the workings of monetary policy but also highlights the importance of trust in the financial system. As economies continue to evolve, the role of high powered money will remain central in shaping economic outcomes and ensuring financial stability.

高能货币，通常被称为基础货币或准备金货币，是经济学和金融领域的一个关键概念。它代表了经济中最具流动性的货币形式，包括流通中的现金和银行在中央银行持有的准备金。理解高能货币对于掌握货币政策的运作及其对整体经济的影响至关重要。首先，高能货币是通过中央银行通过各种手段创造的，例如公开市场操作，中央银行买入或卖出政府证券。当中央银行购买证券时，它向银行系统注入流动性，增加可用的高能货币数量。相反，当它出售证券时，它撤回流动性，减少高能货币的数量。这一过程直接影响到经济中的货币供应和利率。高能货币的重要性在于它作为更广泛货币供应的基础。银行可以贷出一部分准备金，从而创造额外的货币，以存款的形式出现。这种现象被称为货币乘数效应。例如，如果一家银行有100万美元的准备金，且准备金要求为10%，那么它理论上可以贷出90万美元。这种贷款活动产生新的存款，有效地乘以了中央银行创造的初始高能货币。此外，高能货币在控制通货膨胀和稳定经济方面发挥着关键作用。中央银行监测高能货币的水平，以确保其与经济增长相一致。如果高能货币的供应增长过快，可能会导致通货膨胀，因为更多的货币追逐相同数量的商品和服务。另一方面，如果高能货币不足，可能导致通货紧缩和经济增长缓慢。除了对通货膨胀的影响外，高能货币也是管理利率的一个关键工具。通过调整高能货币的供应，中央银行可以影响短期利率，从而影响消费者和企业的借款成本。较低的利率鼓励借款和消费，刺激经济活动，而较高的利率则有助于冷却过热的经济。此外，高能货币的概念不仅限于定义和机制；它还与个人和企业对金融系统的信任和信心相关。高能货币的有效性依赖于公众相信它会随着时间的推移保持其价值。这种信任对现代经济的运作至关重要，因为它确保人们愿意使用高能货币进行交易和储蓄。总之，高能货币是金融系统的基本要素，作为货币供应的支柱，影响经济稳定。中央银行对其创造和管理具有深远的影响，涉及通货膨胀、利率和整体经济增长。全面理解高能货币不仅阐明了货币政策的运作，还突显了对金融系统信任的重要性。随着经济不断演变，高能货币的角色将继续在塑造经济结果和确保金融稳定中占据中心地位。