isooutlay curve; isocost curve

简明释义

等费用曲线

英英释义

例句

1.When analyzing production costs, the isocost curve shows the various combinations of labor and capital that result in the same total cost.

等成本曲线显示了导致相同总成本的劳动和资本的各种组合，适用于生产成本分析。

2.Understanding the shape of the isooutlay curve helps businesses determine how to allocate resources effectively.

理解等支出曲线的形状有助于企业有效分配资源。

3.The isooutlay curve represents all combinations of inputs that can be purchased for a given budget.

等支出曲线表示在给定预算下可以购买的所有输入组合。

4.A firm will aim to operate at a point where the isooutlay curve is tangent to its isoquants for maximum efficiency.

一个公司会努力在其等产量曲线与等支出曲线相切的点上运营，以达到最大效率。

5.By shifting the isocost curve outward, a company can increase its input options without raising costs.

通过将等成本曲线向外移动，公司可以在不提高成本的情况下增加其输入选项。

作文

In the field of economics, understanding the concepts of isooutlay curve and isocost curve is essential for analyzing production and cost. These curves represent different aspects of a producer's decision-making process when it comes to allocating resources effectively. The isooutlay curve (等支出曲线) illustrates all possible combinations of two inputs that can be purchased for a given total expenditure. In contrast, the isocost curve (等成本曲线) shows all combinations of inputs that yield the same total cost. Together, these curves provide valuable insights into how producers can optimize their resource allocation to achieve maximum efficiency.To begin with, the isooutlay curve is derived from the budget constraint faced by a producer. It is represented graphically on a two-dimensional plane where one axis represents the quantity of one input, say labor, while the other axis represents the quantity of another input, such as capital. The slope of the isooutlay curve indicates the rate at which one input can be substituted for another while keeping the total expenditure constant. This concept is particularly important in understanding how producers can adjust their input combinations based on changes in prices or budget constraints.On the other hand, the isocost curve also plays a crucial role in production decisions. It depicts the various combinations of inputs that can be acquired for a specific total cost. The slope of the isocost curve is determined by the relative prices of the inputs. By comparing the isooutlay curve and the isocost curve, producers can identify the most cost-effective combination of inputs that will maximize output.One of the key applications of these curves is in the theory of production. Producers aim to minimize costs while maximizing output, and the intersection of the isooutlay curve and the isocost curve represents the optimal point of input combination. At this point, the marginal rate of technical substitution (MRTS) between the two inputs equals the ratio of their prices. This condition ensures that the producer is utilizing their resources in the most efficient manner possible.Moreover, shifts in the isooutlay curve and the isocost curve can occur due to changes in input prices or budget constraints. For instance, if the price of labor decreases, the isooutlay curve will shift outward, allowing the producer to afford more labor for the same total expenditure. Similarly, if the total budget increases, the isocost curve will also shift outward, providing more options for input combinations.In conclusion, the concepts of isooutlay curve and isocost curve are fundamental to understanding production and cost in economics. They help producers make informed decisions about resource allocation and input combinations. By analyzing these curves, producers can determine the most efficient way to utilize their resources, ultimately leading to increased productivity and profitability. As the market conditions change, being able to adapt and understand the implications of these curves becomes even more critical for successful economic decision-making.

在经济学领域，理解等支出曲线和等成本曲线的概念对于分析生产和成本至关重要。这些曲线代表了生产者在有效分配资源时决策过程的不同方面。等支出曲线展示了在给定总支出的情况下，可以购买的两种投入的所有可能组合。相比之下，等成本曲线显示了所有能产生相同总成本的投入组合。这两条曲线提供了有关生产者如何优化资源分配以实现最大效率的宝贵见解。首先，等支出曲线源于生产者面临的预算约束。它在二维平面上表示，其中一个轴代表某种投入的数量，比如劳动，而另一个轴代表另一种投入的数量，例如资本。等支出曲线的斜率表示在保持总支出不变的情况下，一种投入可以替代另一种投入的比率。这个概念在理解生产者如何根据价格或预算约束的变化调整投入组合时尤其重要。另一方面，等成本曲线在生产决策中也起着至关重要的作用。它描绘了可为特定总成本获得的各种投入组合。等成本曲线的斜率由投入的相对价格决定。通过比较等支出曲线和等成本曲线，生产者可以识别出最具成本效益的投入组合，从而最大化产出。这些曲线的一个关键应用是生产理论。生产者旨在最小化成本，同时最大化产出，等支出曲线和等成本曲线的交点代表了投入组合的最佳点。在这一点上，两种投入之间的边际技术替代率（MRTS）等于它们价格的比率。这一条件确保生产者以最有效的方式利用其资源。此外，由于投入价格或预算约束的变化，等支出曲线和等成本曲线可能会发生位移。例如，如果劳动的价格下降，等支出曲线将向外移动，使生产者能够以相同的总支出负担更多的劳动。同样，如果总预算增加，等成本曲线也会向外移动，提供更多的投入组合选择。总之，等支出曲线和等成本曲线的概念对于理解经济学中的生产和成本至关重要。它们帮助生产者就资源分配和投入组合做出明智的决策。通过分析这些曲线，生产者可以确定利用资源的最有效方式，最终提高生产力和盈利能力。随着市场条件的变化，能够适应并理解这些曲线的影响对于成功的经济决策变得更加关键。