sample; sampling

简明释义

抽样

英英释义

例句

1.The lab technician prepared a sample for testing.

实验室技术员准备了一个测试用的样本。

2.The sampling method used in this study is stratified random sampling.

本研究中使用的抽样方法是分层随机抽样。

3.During the quality control process, we will sample several products.

在质量控制过程中，我们将对几个产品进行抽样。

4.We need to take a random sample of the population to conduct our survey.

我们需要对人群进行随机抽样以进行调查。

5.Please provide a sample of your work for review.

请提供一份您的工作样本以供审核。

作文

In the field of research, the concepts of sample and sampling play a crucial role in obtaining accurate and reliable data. A sample refers to a subset of individuals or observations selected from a larger population, which is used to make inferences about that population. For example, if a researcher wants to study the eating habits of teenagers in a city, they may select a sample of 100 teenagers from various schools rather than surveying every teenager in the city. This method not only saves time and resources but also allows for more manageable data collection.On the other hand, sampling is the process of selecting a sample from a population. There are various techniques for sampling, such as random sampling, stratified sampling, and systematic sampling. Random sampling involves selecting individuals in such a way that each member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen. This technique minimizes bias and ensures that the sample is representative of the population.Stratified sampling, on the other hand, divides the population into distinct subgroups or strata before selecting a sample. This method is particularly useful when researchers want to ensure that specific characteristics are represented within the sample. For instance, if the researcher is interested in the eating habits of teenagers based on gender, they might create strata for boys and girls and then randomly select participants from each group.Systematic sampling involves selecting every nth individual from a list of the population. This method can be efficient and straightforward, but it may introduce bias if there is a hidden pattern in the population list. Regardless of the sampling method used, it is essential to ensure that the sample accurately reflects the characteristics of the larger population to draw valid conclusions.The importance of sample size cannot be overstated. A larger sample size generally leads to more reliable results, as it reduces the margin of error and increases the confidence level of the findings. However, researchers must balance the need for a large sample with practical considerations such as time, cost, and accessibility.In conclusion, understanding the concepts of sample and sampling is vital for conducting effective research. By carefully selecting a sample and employing appropriate sampling techniques, researchers can obtain data that accurately represents the population, leading to meaningful insights and conclusions. Whether in social sciences, healthcare, or market research, the principles of sample and sampling are foundational elements that contribute to the integrity and validity of research outcomes.

在研究领域，样本和抽样的概念在获取准确和可靠的数据方面发挥着至关重要的作用。样本是指从更大的人群中选出的个体或观察的子集，用于对该人群进行推断。例如，如果研究人员想要研究某城市青少年的饮食习惯，他们可能会选择来自不同学校的100名青少年作为样本，而不是调查城市中的每一个青少年。这种方法不仅节省了时间和资源，还使数据收集变得更加可管理。另一方面，抽样是从总体中选择样本的过程。抽样有多种技术，例如随机抽样、分层抽样和系统抽样。随机抽样涉及以这样的方式选择个体，使每个成员都有相等的机会被选中。这种技术最小化了偏见，并确保样本能够代表总体。而分层抽样则是在选择样本之前，将总体划分为不同的子组或层。在研究人员希望确保特定特征在样本中得到体现时，这种方法特别有用。例如，如果研究人员对基于性别的青少年饮食习惯感兴趣，他们可能会为男孩和女孩创建层，然后从每个组中随机选择参与者。系统抽样涉及从总体列表中选择每第n个个体。这种方法可以高效且简单，但如果人口名单中存在隐藏模式，则可能会引入偏见。无论使用何种抽样方法，确保样本准确反映更大人群的特征，以便得出有效结论，是至关重要的。样本大小的重要性不容忽视。较大的样本大小通常会导致更可靠的结果，因为它减少了误差范围并提高了研究结果的置信水平。然而，研究人员必须在需要较大样本和实际考虑（如时间、成本和可及性）之间取得平衡。总之，理解样本和抽样的概念对于进行有效的研究至关重要。通过仔细选择样本并采用适当的抽样技术，研究人员可以获得准确代表总体的数据，从而得出有意义的见解和结论。无论是在社会科学、医疗保健还是市场研究中，样本和抽样的原则都是贡献研究结果完整性和有效性的基础元素。