chromatography

简明释义

英[ˌkrəʊməˈtɒɡrəfi]美[ˌkroʊməˈtɑːɡrəfi]

n. 色层分析；色谱分析法

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Extracted ion chromatograms for protein chromatography based on peptide elution were generated.

产生了基于肽洗提的蛋白色谱图的萃取离子色谱图。

2.This paper describes a capillary column gas chromatography method for quantitative analysis of an 0.8 % solution of transfluthrin repellent.

本文描述了用毛细管气相色谱对0.8％四氟菊酯驱蚊药液的定量分析方法。

3.The paper discussed the separation of Xylitol, Arabitol and Sorbitol by Ion Exchange Chromatography.

本文研兖了木糖醇、阿糖醇、山梨糖醇在离子交换树脂层析柱上的分离。

4.Method: The muscone content in Gujukang Extract was determined by gas chromatography.

方法：用气相色谱法测定骨疽康膏中麝香酮的含量。

5.To do this, the oils were broken into their component parts and analysed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.

实验过程中，他们将精油分散成各自的组成成分，用气体色谱分析法和质谱分析法进行分析。

6.In those cases, gas chromatography should be used.

在这种情况下，应使用气相色谱方法。

7.Reverse phase chromatography 反相色谱法 is useful for purifying proteins from complex mixtures.

反相色谱法对于从复杂混合物中纯化蛋白质非常有用。

8.In the lab, we used chromatography 色谱法 to separate the different pigments in the plant extract.

在实验室中，我们使用色谱法来分离植物提取物中的不同色素。

9.The chromatography 色谱法 technique helped us identify the components of the unknown mixture.

这种色谱法技术帮助我们识别未知混合物的成分。

10.We learned how to set up a chromatography 色谱法 system during our chemistry class.

在化学课上，我们学习了如何搭建一个色谱法系统。

11.Gas chromatography 气相色谱法 is commonly used in environmental testing to analyze air samples.

气相色谱法通常用于环境检测，以分析空气样本。

作文

Chromatography is a powerful analytical technique used in chemistry and biochemistry to separate and analyze the components of a mixture. The term 'chromatography' comes from the Greek words 'chroma,' meaning color, and 'grapho,' meaning to write. This method was initially developed for separating colored compounds, but it has since evolved to include a wide range of applications beyond just pigments. In essence, chromatography (色谱法) allows scientists to isolate specific substances from complex mixtures, making it an invaluable tool in research and industry.The basic principle of chromatography (色谱法) involves passing a mixture through a medium that causes different components to move at different rates. This separation occurs due to differences in their physical or chemical properties, such as size, charge, or affinity for the stationary phase. There are several types of chromatography (色谱法), including gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography, each suited for different types of samples and analyses.In gas chromatography, for example, a sample is vaporized and carried by an inert gas through a column packed with a stationary phase. The various components of the sample separate based on their volatilities and interactions with the stationary phase. This technique is widely used for analyzing volatile substances, including essential oils, pollutants, and even drugs in forensic science.Liquid chromatography, on the other hand, uses a liquid mobile phase to transport the sample through a solid or liquid stationary phase. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a common form of this technique, allowing for the rapid and efficient separation of complex mixtures. HPLC is particularly useful in pharmaceuticals for drug testing and quality control, as it can analyze small quantities of substances with high precision.Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is another variant that involves spreading a thin layer of stationary phase on a flat surface and applying the sample at one end. As the solvent moves up the plate, the components of the mixture travel at different rates, resulting in a visual separation that can be observed and measured. TLC is often used in laboratories for quick qualitative analysis and is a simple, cost-effective method for separating compounds.The applications of chromatography (色谱法) are vast and varied. In the food industry, it is employed to detect additives, contaminants, and flavors, ensuring product safety and quality. Environmental scientists use chromatography (色谱法) to monitor pollutants in air, water, and soil, helping to assess environmental health. In clinical laboratories, this technique plays a crucial role in diagnosing diseases by analyzing biological samples for biomarkers and metabolites.Moreover, chromatography (色谱法) is instrumental in the field of proteomics, where it helps separate and identify proteins in complex biological samples. This application is vital for understanding diseases at the molecular level and developing targeted therapies.Despite its many advantages, chromatography (色谱法) also has its challenges. The choice of stationary phase, mobile phase, and operating conditions can significantly impact the efficiency and resolution of the separation. Additionally, while chromatography (色谱法) can provide qualitative and quantitative data, interpreting the results requires a solid understanding of the underlying principles and potential limitations.In conclusion, chromatography (色谱法) is an essential technique in modern science that continues to evolve and expand its applications across various fields. Its ability to separate and analyze complex mixtures makes it an indispensable tool for researchers and professionals alike. Understanding the principles and methods of chromatography (色谱法) not only enhances our knowledge of chemical processes but also contributes to advancements in technology, healthcare, and environmental protection.

色谱法是一种强大的分析技术，广泛应用于化学和生物化学领域，用于分离和分析混合物的成分。‘色谱法’一词源于希腊语中的‘chroma’，意为颜色，‘grapho’，意为书写。这种方法最初是为分离有色化合物而开发的，但后来发展成为包括多种应用的广泛技术。简而言之，chromatography（色谱法）使科学家能够从复杂的混合物中分离特定的物质，因此在研究和工业中具有无价的工具价值。chromatography（色谱法）的基本原理是将混合物通过一种介质，使不同成分以不同速度移动。由于它们的物理或化学性质的差异，如大小、带电性或对固定相的亲和力，导致这种分离。chromatography（色谱法）有几种类型，包括气相色谱、液相色谱和薄层色谱，每种类型适用于不同类型的样品和分析。例如，在气相色谱中，样品被蒸发并通过惰性气体携带穿过填充有固定相的柱子。样品的各种成分根据其挥发性和与固定相的相互作用进行分离。这种技术广泛用于分析挥发性物质，包括精油、污染物，甚至法医科学中的药物。另一方面，液相色谱使用液体流动相将样品运输通过固体或液体固定相。高效液相色谱（HPLC）是这种技术的一种常见形式，允许快速和有效地分离复杂混合物。HPLC在制药行业中特别有用，用于药物测试和质量控制，因为它可以以高精度分析少量物质。薄层色谱（TLC）是另一种变体，涉及在平面表面上涂抹一层薄薄的固定相，并在一端施加样品。随着溶剂向上移动，混合物的成分以不同的速度移动，从而产生可观察和测量的视觉分离。TLC通常用于实验室的快速定性分析，是一种简单且经济有效的分离化合物的方法。chromatography（色谱法）的应用广泛而多样。在食品工业中，它用于检测添加剂、污染物和风味，确保产品的安全和质量。环境科学家利用chromatography（色谱法）监测空气、水和土壤中的污染物，帮助评估环境健康。在临床实验室中，这种技术在通过分析生物样本中的生物标志物和代谢物来诊断疾病方面发挥着关键作用。此外，chromatography（色谱法）在蛋白质组学领域也至关重要，它帮助分离和识别复杂生物样本中的蛋白质。这一应用对于理解分子水平的疾病和开发靶向治疗至关重要。尽管有许多优点，chromatography（色谱法）也面临挑战。固定相、流动相和操作条件的选择会显著影响分离的效率和分辨率。此外，虽然chromatography（色谱法）可以提供定性和定量数据，但解释结果需要对基本原理和潜在局限性有扎实的理解。总之，chromatography（色谱法）是现代科学中的一项基本技术，继续发展并扩展其在各个领域的应用。它分离和分析复杂混合物的能力使其成为研究人员和专业人士不可或缺的工具。理解chromatography（色谱法）的原理和方法不仅增强了我们对化学过程的认识，还促进了技术、医疗和环境保护的进步。