returns to scale

简明释义

随生产规模扩大而增长的收益

英英释义

例句

1.When analyzing agricultural production, farmers often encounter returns to scale 规模报酬 based on the amount of land and inputs used.

在分析农业生产时，农民常常会遇到基于土地和投入量的returns to scale 规模报酬。

2.Understanding returns to scale 规模报酬 is crucial for businesses planning to expand their operations.

理解returns to scale 规模报酬 对于计划扩展业务的公司至关重要。

3.If a factory doubles its labor and capital and produces exactly double the output, it is said to have constant returns to scale 规模报酬不变.

如果一家工厂将劳动力和资本都翻倍，并且恰好生产出双倍的产量，那么它被称为具有恒定的returns to scale 规模报酬不变。

4.In economics, we often analyze how a firm's production process exhibits returns to scale 规模报酬 as it increases its input.

在经济学中，我们经常分析一个公司的生产过程在增加投入时如何表现出returns to scale 规模报酬。

5.A company may experience increasing returns to scale 规模报酬递增 when doubling its output leads to more than double the profits.

当一家公司将产量翻倍时，获得的利润超过两倍，这可能表明其经历了returns to scale 规模报酬递增。

作文

In the field of economics, the concept of returns to scale refers to the changes in output that occur when all inputs are increased by a certain proportion. Understanding returns to scale is crucial for businesses and economists alike, as it helps in determining how efficiently production processes can be scaled up or down. There are three primary types of returns to scale: increasing returns to scale, constant returns to scale, and decreasing returns to scale.Increasing returns to scale occur when a proportional increase in inputs leads to a greater proportional increase in output. For instance, if a factory doubles its inputs (like labor and machinery), and as a result, its output more than doubles, it is experiencing increasing returns to scale. This phenomenon often arises due to factors such as specialization and improved efficiency that can be achieved as a business grows.On the other hand, constant returns to scale occur when a proportional increase in inputs results in an equal proportional increase in output. In this case, if a company doubles its inputs and its output also doubles, it is said to have constant returns to scale. This scenario is often seen in perfectly competitive markets where firms operate at their optimal capacity.Lastly, decreasing returns to scale happen when an increase in inputs leads to a less than proportional increase in output. For example, if a business doubles its inputs but only sees a 50% increase in output, it is experiencing decreasing returns to scale. This situation may arise due to factors such as management inefficiencies or logistical challenges that become more pronounced as a company grows larger.Understanding returns to scale is not just an academic exercise; it has practical implications for business strategy and economic policy. For businesses, recognizing the type of returns to scale they are experiencing can inform decisions about expansion, investment, and resource allocation. For instance, a firm experiencing increasing returns to scale may aggressively pursue growth opportunities, knowing that doing so will lead to greater efficiency and profitability.From an economic policy perspective, understanding returns to scale can help policymakers create environments that encourage optimal production levels and resource utilization. For example, if policymakers recognize that certain industries benefit from increasing returns to scale, they might implement policies that support innovation and infrastructure development in those sectors.In conclusion, the concept of returns to scale is fundamental in both economics and business strategy. By analyzing how changes in input levels affect output, companies can make informed decisions that enhance efficiency and profitability, while policymakers can design regulations that foster economic growth. Whether a business is experiencing increasing, constant, or decreasing returns to scale, understanding this concept is essential for navigating the complexities of production and market dynamics.

在经济学领域，returns to scale的概念指的是当所有投入按一定比例增加时，产出发生的变化。理解returns to scale对于企业和经济学家来说至关重要，因为它有助于确定生产过程在扩大或缩小时的效率。returns to scale主要有三种类型：递增规模报酬、恒定规模报酬和递减规模报酬。递增规模报酬发生在投入的比例增加导致产出的比例增加幅度更大。例如，如果一家工厂将其投入（如劳动力和机械）加倍，结果是其产出增加幅度超过两倍，那么它就经历了递增规模报酬。这种现象通常是由于专业化和随着企业增长而实现的效率提高等因素所致。另一方面，恒定规模报酬发生在投入的比例增加导致产出也以相同的比例增加。在这种情况下，如果一家公司将其投入加倍，而其产出也加倍，那么它被认为具有恒定规模报酬。这种情况通常出现在完全竞争市场中，企业在其最佳产能下运营。最后，递减规模报酬发生在投入的增加导致产出的增加幅度小于比例增加。例如，如果一家企业将其投入加倍，但产出仅增加50%，那么它就经历了递减规模报酬。这种情况可能是由于管理效率低下或随着公司规模扩大而变得更加明显的后勤挑战所致。理解returns to scale不仅仅是一个学术练习；它对商业战略和经济政策具有实际意义。对于企业而言，认识到其所经历的returns to scale类型可以为扩张、投资和资源分配决策提供信息。例如，经历递增规模报酬的公司可能会积极追求增长机会，因为这样做将导致更高的效率和盈利能力。从经济政策的角度来看，理解returns to scale可以帮助政策制定者创造鼓励最佳生产水平和资源利用的环境。例如，如果政策制定者意识到某些行业受益于递增规模报酬，他们可能会实施支持这些行业创新和基础设施发展的政策。总之，returns to scale的概念在经济学和商业战略中都是基础性的。通过分析投入水平的变化如何影响产出，公司可以做出明智的决策，提高效率和盈利能力，而政策制定者则可以设计促进经济增长的规制。无论企业经历的是递增、恒定还是递减的returns to scale，理解这一概念对于应对生产和市场动态的复杂性至关重要。