condottieri

简明释义

英[ˌkɒn.dɒˈtɪr.i]美[ˌkɒn.dɒˈtɪr.i]

n. 驱逐领舰；雇佣军（condottiere 的复数）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The term condotta also explainsthe origin of the Italian term for such soldiers: condottieri––soldiers with acondotta or contract who fight for money.

词语“condotta”也解释了意大利语里对这些士兵称呼的起源：“condottieri”——指签署契约或“condotta”为佣金而战的士兵。

2.The term condotta also explainsthe origin of the Italian term for such soldiers: condottieri––soldiers with acondotta or contract who fight for money.

词语“condotta”也解释了意大利语里对这些士兵称呼的起源：“condottieri”——指签署契约或“condotta”为佣金而战的士兵。

3.During the Renaissance, many city-states in Italy relied on condottieri 雇佣军统帅 to protect their territories.

在文艺复兴时期，意大利的许多城邦依赖于condottieri 雇佣军统帅来保护他们的领土。

4.Famous condottieri 雇佣军统帅 like Francesco Sforza changed the course of Italian history.

像弗朗切斯科·斯福尔扎这样的著名condottieri 雇佣军统帅改变了意大利历史的进程。

5.The role of condottieri 雇佣军统帅 was crucial in the power struggles between rival states.

在敌对国家之间的权力斗争中，condottieri 雇佣军统帅的角色至关重要。

6.The condottieri 雇佣军统帅 often switched allegiances based on the highest bidder.

这些condottieri 雇佣军统帅通常会根据出价最高者变更效忠对象。

7.Many condottieri 雇佣军统帅 were also skilled diplomats, negotiating treaties on behalf of their employers.

许多condottieri 雇佣军统帅也是熟练的外交家，代表雇主谈判条约。

作文

During the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance in Italy, a unique class of military leaders emerged known as the condottieri. These mercenary captains played a crucial role in the political and military landscape of the time. The term condottieri comes from the Italian word 'condotta', which means 'contract'. This reflects the nature of their work, as they were hired under contract to lead troops for various city-states and noble families. Unlike traditional knights who fought for honor or feudal lords, the condottieri fought primarily for profit, leading to a complex relationship with the governments that employed them.The rise of the condottieri can be traced back to the fragmentation of power in Italy during the 14th and 15th centuries. As city-states like Florence, Venice, and Milan vied for dominance, they often found themselves in need of skilled military leaders to command their armies. The condottieri filled this gap, offering their services to the highest bidder. They were not just simple soldiers; many were highly trained and experienced, having served in various conflicts across Europe.One of the most famous condottieri was Francesco Sforza, who initially served as a mercenary leader before eventually becoming the Duke of Milan. His transition from a hired soldier to a ruler exemplifies the potential for social mobility that existed within this profession. The condottieri were often able to amass wealth and power, sometimes even establishing their own dynasties. This phenomenon contributed to the shifting dynamics of power in Renaissance Italy, as military might became intertwined with political influence.However, the reliance on condottieri also had its drawbacks. Since they were motivated by profit, their loyalty could be questionable. If a better offer came along, a condottieri might switch allegiances, leaving their former employers vulnerable. This unpredictability often led to instability in the regions where they operated. Furthermore, the mercenary armies led by condottieri were sometimes less disciplined than national armies, which could result in chaotic battles and collateral damage to civilian populations.Despite these challenges, the legacy of the condottieri is significant. They influenced military tactics and strategies during their time, introducing new methods of warfare that would be studied and adapted in subsequent centuries. The concept of professional soldiers being hired for specific campaigns laid the groundwork for modern military practices.In contemporary discussions about warfare and military ethics, the history of the condottieri serves as a reminder of the complexities involved in mercenary work. While their contributions to military history are noteworthy, the moral implications of hiring soldiers for profit continue to be debated today. The condottieri embody a fascinating intersection of commerce, politics, and warfare, illustrating how the motivations behind military service can shape the course of history.In conclusion, the condottieri were more than just mercenaries; they were pivotal figures in the transformation of military and political structures in Renaissance Italy. Their legacy endures, reminding us of the intricate ties between warfare, power, and economics. Understanding the role of the condottieri provides valuable insights into the historical context of military leadership and the evolution of professional armies, making them a key subject of study for historians and military scholars alike.

在意大利的中世纪晚期和文艺复兴时期，出现了一种独特的军事领袖阶层，被称为condottieri。这些雇佣军指挥官在当时的政治和军事格局中扮演了至关重要的角色。术语condottieri源自意大利语单词'condotta'，意思是'合同'。这反映了他们工作的性质，因为他们是根据合同被雇佣来领导各个城邦和贵族家庭的军队。与为荣誉或封建领主而战的传统骑士不同，condottieri主要是为了利润而战，这导致了他们与雇佣他们的政府之间复杂的关系。condottieri的崛起可以追溯到14和15世纪意大利权力的分裂。当佛罗伦萨、威尼斯和米兰等城邦争夺主导地位时，它们常常发现自己需要熟练的军事领导者来指挥军队。condottieri填补了这一空白，为出价最高者提供服务。他们不仅仅是普通士兵；许多人受过高等训练和丰富经验，曾在欧洲各地的各种冲突中服役。最著名的condottieri之一是弗朗切斯科·斯福尔扎，他最初作为雇佣军领袖服务，后来成为米兰公爵。他从雇佣士兵转变为统治者的过程体现了这一职业中存在的社会流动性。condottieri往往能够积累财富和权力，有时甚至建立自己的王朝。这一现象促成了文艺复兴时期意大利权力动态的变化，因为军事力量与政治影响力交织在一起。然而，对condottieri的依赖也有其缺点。由于他们以利润为动机，他们的忠诚可能令人怀疑。如果出现更好的报价，一名condottieri可能会变更效忠，留下前雇主处于脆弱状态。这种不可预测性往往导致他们所经营地区的不稳定。此外，由condottieri领导的雇佣军往往不如国家军队纪律严明，这可能导致混乱的战斗和对平民的附带伤害。尽管面临这些挑战，condottieri的遗产仍然具有重要意义。他们在当时影响了军事战术和战略，引入了新的战争方法，这些方法在随后的几个世纪中被研究和适应。专业士兵被雇佣进行特定战役的概念为现代军事实践奠定了基础。在当代关于战争和军事伦理的讨论中，condottieri的历史提醒我们，雇佣士兵工作的复杂性。虽然他们对军事历史的贡献值得注意，但以利润为目的雇佣士兵的道德影响至今仍在辩论中。condottieri体现了商业、政治和战争之间的迷人交汇，说明军事服务背后的动机如何塑造历史的进程。总之，condottieri不仅仅是雇佣军；他们是在文艺复兴时期意大利军事和政治结构转型中的关键人物。他们的遗产延续至今，提醒我们战争、权力和经济之间的复杂联系。理解condottieri的角色为我们提供了对军事领导历史背景和职业军队演变的宝贵见解，使他们成为历史学家和军事学者研究的关键主题。