fiscal stimulus; fiscal incentive

简明释义

财政刺激

英英释义

例句

1.Many economists believe that fiscal incentives 财政激励 can encourage businesses to invest in green technologies.

许多经济学家认为，财政激励 fiscal incentives 可以鼓励企业投资于绿色技术。

2.Local authorities are using fiscal incentives 财政激励 to attract new businesses to the area.

地方当局正在利用财政激励 fiscal incentives 吸引新企业到该地区。

3.The recent fiscal stimulus 财政刺激 measures have led to an increase in consumer spending.

最近的财政刺激 fiscal stimulus 措施导致消费支出增加。

4.The fiscal stimulus 财政刺激 provided by the government helped reduce unemployment rates significantly.

政府提供的财政刺激 fiscal stimulus 显著降低了失业率。

5.The government announced a new fiscal stimulus 财政刺激 package to boost the economy after the recession.

政府宣布了一项新的财政刺激 fiscal stimulus 方案，以在经济衰退后提振经济。

作文

In recent years, the global economy has faced numerous challenges, prompting governments to adopt various measures to stimulate growth. Among these measures, fiscal stimulus (财政刺激) and fiscal incentive (财政激励) have emerged as critical tools in economic policy. Understanding these concepts is essential for comprehending how governments respond to economic downturns and promote recovery.A fiscal stimulus refers to government actions aimed at increasing economic activity, particularly during periods of recession or slow growth. This can involve increased public spending, tax cuts, or a combination of both. The primary goal of a fiscal stimulus is to boost demand in the economy by putting more money in the hands of consumers and businesses. For instance, during the 2008 financial crisis, many countries implemented large-scale fiscal stimulus packages to mitigate the impact of the recession. These packages often included infrastructure projects, direct payments to citizens, and tax relief for businesses.On the other hand, a fiscal incentive is a specific type of fiscal stimulus that encourages particular behaviors among individuals and companies. This can include tax deductions, credits, or exemptions aimed at promoting investment, innovation, or job creation. For example, governments may offer fiscal incentives to businesses that invest in renewable energy technologies or to individuals who purchase electric vehicles. By providing these incentives, governments aim to guide economic activity in directions that align with broader policy goals, such as sustainability or technological advancement.The effectiveness of fiscal stimulus and fiscal incentives can vary significantly based on several factors, including the overall economic context, the timing of the measures, and the specific design of the policies. Critics of fiscal stimulus argue that it can lead to increased public debt and inflation if not managed properly. Conversely, proponents argue that timely and well-targeted fiscal stimulus can prevent deeper recessions and lay the groundwork for future growth.Similarly, the success of fiscal incentives depends on how they are structured and the extent to which they address the needs of the economy. If poorly designed, fiscal incentives may fail to stimulate the desired behavior or could disproportionately benefit certain sectors at the expense of others. Therefore, policymakers must carefully consider the implications of their fiscal stimulus and fiscal incentive strategies to ensure they achieve the intended outcomes.In conclusion, fiscal stimulus and fiscal incentives are vital components of modern economic policy, especially in times of crisis. They provide governments with the tools necessary to stimulate growth and encourage positive economic behaviors. However, their implementation requires careful consideration and planning to maximize their effectiveness and minimize potential drawbacks. As economies continue to evolve, understanding the nuances of these fiscal measures will be crucial for both policymakers and citizens alike.

近年来，全球经济面临着诸多挑战，促使各国政府采取各种措施来刺激增长。在这些措施中，财政刺激和财政激励已成为经济政策中的关键工具。理解这些概念对于理解政府如何应对经济低迷并促进复苏至关重要。财政刺激是指政府旨在增加经济活动的行动，特别是在衰退或增长缓慢时期。这可能涉及公共支出的增加、减税或两者的结合。财政刺激的主要目标是通过将更多资金投入消费者和企业的手中来刺激经济需求。例如，在2008年金融危机期间，许多国家实施了大规模的财政刺激方案，以减轻衰退的影响。这些方案通常包括基础设施项目、向公民的直接支付以及对企业的税收减免。另一方面，财政激励是一种特定类型的财政刺激，旨在鼓励个人和公司采取特定行为。这可以包括税收扣除、抵免或豁免，旨在促进投资、创新或创造就业机会。例如，政府可能会向投资可再生能源技术的企业或购买电动车的个人提供财政激励。通过提供这些激励，政府旨在引导经济活动朝着与更广泛政策目标（如可持续性或技术进步）一致的方向发展。财政刺激和财政激励的有效性可能因多种因素而异，包括整体经济背景、措施的时机以及政策的具体设计。批评者认为，如果管理不当，财政刺激可能导致公共债务和通货膨胀的增加。相反，支持者认为，及时且针对性强的财政刺激可以防止更深层次的衰退，并为未来的增长奠定基础。同样，财政激励的成功取决于其结构以及其在多大程度上满足经济需求。如果设计不当，财政激励可能无法刺激所需的行为，或者可能会使某些行业受益过多，而损害其他行业。因此，政策制定者必须仔细考虑其财政刺激和财政激励策略的影响，以确保实现预期的结果。总之，财政刺激和财政激励是现代经济政策的重要组成部分，尤其是在危机时期。它们为政府提供了刺激增长和鼓励积极经济行为所需的工具。然而，其实施需要仔细考虑和规划，以最大化其有效性并最小化潜在的缺点。随着经济的不断发展，理解这些财政措施的细微差别将对政策制定者和公民来说都至关重要。