diminishing marginal utility

简明释义

边际效用递减

英英释义

例句

1.When shopping for clothes, the diminishing marginal utility (边际效用递减) means that after buying a few outfits, the next ones will not feel as rewarding.

在购物时，diminishing marginal utility（边际效用递减）意味着在购买几套衣服后，接下来的衣服不会让你感觉那么有价值。

2.As you eat more slices of pizza, you experience diminishing marginal utility (边际效用递减), meaning each additional slice brings you less satisfaction than the previous one.

当你吃更多的比萨饼时，你会体验到diminishing marginal utility（边际效用递减），这意味着每额外一片带来的满足感都低于之前的一片。

3.In investing, understanding diminishing marginal utility (边际效用递减) can help investors decide when to take profits.

在投资中，理解diminishing marginal utility（边际效用递减）可以帮助投资者决定何时获利了结。

4.The concept of diminishing marginal utility (边际效用递减) is crucial for understanding consumer behavior in economics.

在经济学中，diminishing marginal utility（边际效用递减）的概念对于理解消费者行为至关重要。

5.The idea of diminishing marginal utility (边际效用递减) explains why people may choose to save money rather than spend it all at once.

diminishing marginal utility（边际效用递减）的理念解释了为什么人们可能选择储蓄而不是一次性花光所有的钱。

作文

The concept of diminishing marginal utility is fundamental in economics and helps explain consumer behavior. It refers to the decrease in additional satisfaction or pleasure that a consumer derives from consuming one more unit of a good or service. To illustrate this concept, consider the example of eating slices of pizza. The first slice may bring immense joy and satisfaction, as it quenches hunger and provides a delightful experience. However, as one continues to eat more slices, the satisfaction gained from each additional slice diminishes. The second slice may still be enjoyable, but it will not provide the same level of satisfaction as the first. By the time a person reaches the third or fourth slice, they might even feel uncomfortably full, leading to a negative experience. This phenomenon is what economists refer to as diminishing marginal utility.

Understanding diminishing marginal utility is crucial for both consumers and businesses. For consumers, it helps in making informed decisions about how much of a product to buy. Knowing that the satisfaction from each additional unit decreases can lead consumers to be more mindful of their consumption patterns. They may choose to diversify their purchases rather than overindulge in one particular item, seeking a balance that maximizes their overall satisfaction.

From a business perspective, understanding diminishing marginal utility can inform pricing strategies and product offerings. Businesses can use this knowledge to create promotions that encourage consumers to purchase more items by offering discounts on bulk purchases, knowing that the first few items will provide the most satisfaction. Additionally, companies can innovate by introducing new products or flavors, which can temporarily increase utility until the consumer becomes accustomed to them, after which diminishing marginal utility will set in again.

Moreover, diminishing marginal utility also plays a role in public policy and welfare economics. Policymakers can utilize this concept to understand how taxation and income redistribution might affect overall societal welfare. For instance, since wealthy individuals derive less marginal utility from an additional dollar compared to poorer individuals, progressive taxation can be justified as a means to improve overall societal happiness. By redistributing wealth, governments can increase the total utility available to society.

In conclusion, diminishing marginal utility is a key principle that explains why consumers make certain choices and how satisfaction levels change with increased consumption. It has significant implications for consumer behavior, business strategies, and public policy. By recognizing the importance of this concept, individuals and organizations can better navigate the complexities of consumption and strive for a more balanced approach to resource allocation. Ultimately, understanding diminishing marginal utility allows us to appreciate the nuances of human preferences and the intricate dance between supply and demand in the economy.

“边际效用递减”这一概念在经济学中是基础性的，帮助解释消费者行为。它指的是消费者从消费一单位商品或服务中获得的额外满足感或乐趣的减少。为了说明这个概念，可以考虑吃披萨的例子。第一片披萨可能带来极大的快乐和满足，因为它解渴并提供了愉快的体验。然而，当一个人继续吃更多的披萨时，从每一片额外披萨中获得的满足感就会减少。第二片仍然可能令人愉悦，但它不会提供与第一片相同的满足感。当一个人吃到第三或第四片时，他们甚至可能感到不适，这导致了负面的体验。这种现象就是经济学家所称的“边际效用递减”。

理解“边际效用递减”对于消费者和企业都至关重要。对于消费者来说，它有助于做出明智的购买决策。知道每增加一个单位的满足感会减少，可以使消费者更加关注他们的消费模式。他们可能会选择多样化购买，而不是过度沉迷于某一特定商品，寻求最大化整体满意度的平衡。

从商业角度来看，理解“边际效用递减”可以为定价策略和产品供应提供信息。企业可以利用这一知识制定促销活动，通过提供批量购买折扣来鼓励消费者购买更多商品，因为他们知道前几件商品将提供最大的满足感。此外，公司可以通过推出新产品或新口味进行创新，这可以暂时提高效用，直到消费者习惯于它们，此后“边际效用递减”又会再次出现。

此外，“边际效用递减”在公共政策和福利经济学中也起着重要作用。政策制定者可以利用这一概念来理解税收和收入再分配如何影响整体社会福利。例如，由于富裕个体从额外一美元中获得的边际效用低于贫困个体，因此可以证明渐进税制作为改善整体社会幸福感的一种手段。通过再分配财富，政府可以增加社会可用的总效用。

总之，“边际效用递减”是一个关键原则，它解释了消费者为何做出某些选择，以及随着消费增加，满足感水平如何变化。它对消费者行为、商业策略和公共政策有重要影响。通过认识到这一概念的重要性，个人和组织可以更好地驾驭消费的复杂性，并努力实现资源配置的更平衡方法。最终，理解“边际效用递减”使我们能够欣赏人类偏好的细微差别以及经济中供需之间错综复杂的关系。