tax farmer

简明释义

包税人,包税商

英英释义

例句

1.In ancient Rome, a wealthy individual could become a tax farmer 税农 by purchasing the right to collect taxes in a specific region.

在古罗马，一个富有的人可以通过购买在特定地区征收税款的权利来成为一个税农。

2.In some cultures, tax farmers 税农 were seen as necessary evils to ensure the collection of state revenues.

在某些文化中，税农被视为确保国家收入征收的必要恶事。

3.Many peasants complained about the harsh treatment they received from the local tax farmers 税农.

许多农民抱怨他们受到当地税农的严厉对待。

4.The government decided to end the practice of hiring tax farmers 税农 due to widespread corruption.

由于普遍腐败，政府决定结束雇佣税农的做法。

5.The role of a tax farmer 税农 often involved collecting more than what was owed to maximize profits.

作为一名税农，其角色往往涉及征收超过应付款项以最大化利润。

作文

The concept of a tax farmer refers to an individual or entity that is granted the right to collect taxes on behalf of a governing body, often in exchange for a fee or a portion of the collected taxes. This practice has historical roots, particularly in ancient and medieval societies, where governments lacked the resources to enforce tax collection directly. Instead, they would delegate this responsibility to private individuals or companies, known as tax farmers, who would then be responsible for gathering the required funds from the populace. In many cases, tax farmers were incentivized to collect as much money as possible, as their income was directly tied to the amount they could extract from taxpayers. This arrangement often led to abuses and exploitation, as these collectors would employ harsh methods to ensure compliance. For example, during the Roman Empire, tax farmers were notorious for overcharging citizens and using intimidation tactics to maximize their profits. The system created a significant disconnect between the government and its citizens, as the tax farmers acted as intermediaries who had little loyalty to the state or the people they served. The role of tax farmers has evolved over time, yet the underlying principle remains the same. In modern contexts, the term can refer to various forms of outsourced tax collection, where private firms are contracted to manage tax duties. While this can lead to increased efficiency, it also raises concerns about accountability and fairness. Critics argue that privatizing tax collection can result in excessive fees and a lack of transparency, making it difficult for citizens to understand how their taxes are being utilized. Moreover, the historical implications of tax farming highlight the potential for corruption and abuse of power. When individuals are motivated by profit rather than public service, there is a greater risk of unethical practices emerging. Governments must balance the need for efficient tax collection with the imperative to protect citizens from exploitation. In conclusion, the term tax farmer encapsulates a complex relationship between taxation, governance, and society. It serves as a reminder of the importance of ethical standards in tax collection practices and the need for transparency in government dealings. As societies continue to evolve, understanding the implications of tax farming will remain crucial in ensuring fair and equitable tax systems that serve the interests of all citizens.

“税农”这一概念指的是被授予代表政府机构征收税款权利的个人或实体，通常作为收取费用或所征税款的一部分作为交换。这一做法具有历史根源，特别是在古代和中世纪社会中，政府缺乏直接执行税收征集的资源。因此，他们将这一责任委托给私人个人或公司，即“税农”，后者负责从民众那里收集所需的资金。在许多情况下，“税农”的收入与他们能够从纳税人那里提取的金额直接相关，这激励他们尽可能多地征收税款。这种安排常常导致滥用和剥削，因为这些征收者会采用严厉的方法以确保合规。例如，在罗马帝国时期，“税农”以向公民收取过高费用和使用恐吓手段来最大化利润而臭名昭著。该系统在政府与公民之间造成了显著的脱节，因为“税农”作为中介，几乎对国家或他们服务的人民没有忠诚度。“税农”的角色随着时间的推移而演变，但基本原则依然相同。在现代背景下，该术语可以指各种形式的外包税收征集，其中私人公司被委托管理税务职责。虽然这可以提高效率，但也引发了关于问责制和公平性的担忧。批评者认为，私有化税收征集可能导致过高的费用和缺乏透明度，使公民难以理解他们的税款如何被利用。此外，“税农”的历史含义突显了腐败和滥用权力的潜在风险。当个人的动机是利润而非公共服务时，出现不道德行为的风险就更大。政府必须在高效的税收征集需求与保护公民免受剥削的必要性之间取得平衡。总之，术语“税农”概括了税收、治理和社会之间复杂的关系。它提醒我们在税收征集实践中遵循伦理标准的重要性，以及在政府交易中保持透明的必要性。随着社会的不断发展，理解“税农”的影响仍然对确保公平和公正的税收系统至关重要，这些系统服务于所有公民的利益。