molecular weight

简明释义

分子量

英英释义

例句

1.To calculate the molecular weight of a compound, you need to sum the atomic weights of its constituent atoms.

要计算一个化合物的分子量，你需要将其组成原子的原子量相加。

2.In pharmacology, the molecular weight of a drug can affect its absorption and distribution in the body.

在药理学中，药物的分子量会影响其在体内的吸收和分布。

3.The molecular weight of glucose is 180.16 g/mol.

葡萄糖的分子量是180.16克每摩尔。

4.The molecular weight of proteins varies significantly depending on their amino acid composition.

蛋白质的分子量因其氨基酸组成而有显著差异。

5.The molecular weight of water is approximately 18 g/mol.

水的分子量约为18克每摩尔。

作文

Understanding the concept of molecular weight is essential in the fields of chemistry and biology. It refers to the weight of a molecule, which is calculated based on the sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms present in that molecule. The molecular weight is usually expressed in daltons (Da) or grams per mole (g/mol). This measurement plays a crucial role in various scientific applications, including drug development, biochemistry, and environmental science.In chemistry, knowing the molecular weight of a compound allows scientists to determine how much of a substance is needed to achieve a desired concentration in a solution. For instance, when preparing a chemical solution, the molecular weight helps in calculating the precise amount of solute required to create a specific molarity. This is particularly important in laboratory experiments where accurate measurements are critical for obtaining valid results.Moreover, the molecular weight can influence the physical properties of a substance. For example, substances with higher molecular weights tend to have higher boiling and melting points compared to lighter molecules. This is due to the increased van der Waals forces acting between larger molecules, which require more energy to overcome. Therefore, understanding the molecular weight can provide insights into the behavior of different substances under varying conditions.In the field of biology, the molecular weight is particularly significant when studying biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. These biomolecules play vital roles in cellular processes and their molecular weights can affect their function and interactions within biological systems. For instance, enzymes, which are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions, often have specific molecular weights that correlate with their activity and stability. Understanding the molecular weight of these biomolecules can aid researchers in designing experiments and interpreting data related to metabolic pathways and genetic expression.Furthermore, in pharmacology, the molecular weight of a drug molecule can influence its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. Drugs with lower molecular weights may be absorbed more readily through biological membranes, while those with higher weights might require specialized delivery methods. Consequently, determining the molecular weight of potential drug candidates is a fundamental step in the drug development process.In summary, the significance of molecular weight extends across multiple scientific disciplines. Whether it’s in chemistry for solution preparation, in biology for understanding biomolecular interactions, or in pharmacology for drug design, the molecular weight serves as a foundational concept that enhances our comprehension of matter and its behavior. As we continue to explore the complexities of science, a firm grasp of the molecular weight will undoubtedly prove invaluable for students and professionals alike.

理解分子量的概念在化学和生物学领域至关重要。它是指一个分子的重量，根据该分子中所有原子的原子量之和进行计算。分子量通常以道尔顿（Da）或克每摩尔（g/mol）表示。这一测量在药物开发、生物化学和环境科学等各种科学应用中发挥着关键作用。在化学中，知道一个化合物的分子量可以让科学家确定为了达到所需浓度而需要多少物质。例如，在准备化学溶液时，分子量有助于计算出创建特定摩尔浓度所需的溶质精确量。这在实验室实验中尤其重要，因为准确的测量对于获得有效结果至关重要。此外，分子量可以影响物质的物理性质。例如，具有较高分子量的物质往往比较轻的分子具有更高的沸点和熔点。这是因为较大分子之间的范德华力增强，需要更多的能量来克服。因此，理解分子量可以为我们提供不同物质在不同条件下行为的洞察。在生物学领域，分子量在研究蛋白质、核酸和碳水化合物等生物大分子时尤为重要。这些生物大分子在细胞过程中发挥着重要作用，其分子量可以影响它们在生物系统中的功能和相互作用。例如，酶是催化生化反应的蛋白质，其通常具有特定的分子量，与其活性和稳定性相关。理解这些生物大分子的分子量可以帮助研究人员设计实验并解释与代谢途径和基因表达相关的数据。此外，在药理学中，药物分子的分子量可以影响其吸收、分布、代谢和排泄（ADME）特性。具有较低分子量的药物可能更容易通过生物膜被吸收，而那些具有较高分子的药物可能需要专门的给药方法。因此，确定潜在药物候选者的分子量是药物开发过程中的基本步骤。总之，分子量的重要性跨越多个科学学科。无论是在化学中用于溶液制备，在生物学中用于理解生物分子间的相互作用，还是在药理学中用于药物设计，分子量作为一个基础概念，增强了我们对物质及其行为的理解。随着我们继续探索科学的复杂性，牢固掌握分子量无疑将为学生和专业人士带来巨大的价值。