mercury barometer

简明释义

水银气压表

英英释义

例句

1.We used a mercury barometer to check the pressure before our mountain hike.

在我们登山前，我们使用了水银气压计来检查气压。

2.To predict the weather accurately, we often rely on readings from a mercury barometer.

为了准确预测天气，我们常常依赖于水银气压计的读数。

3.When the pressure rises, the level of mercury in the mercury barometer increases.

当气压上升时，水银气压计中的水银液位会上升。

4.A mercury barometer consists of a glass tube filled with mercury and an open reservoir.

水银气压计由一个充满水银的玻璃管和一个开放的储液槽组成。

5.The mercury barometer is essential for measuring atmospheric pressure in meteorology.

在气象学中，水银气压计是测量大气压力的必需工具。

作文

The mercury barometer is a scientific instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure. It was invented in the 17th century by Evangelista Torricelli, an Italian physicist and mathematician. The mercury barometer operates on the principle that changes in atmospheric pressure can cause a column of mercury to rise or fall within a glass tube. This phenomenon occurs because the weight of the air above the mercury exerts pressure on the surface of the liquid. When the atmospheric pressure increases, it pushes down on the mercury, causing it to rise in the tube; conversely, when the pressure decreases, the mercury level falls.One of the most fascinating aspects of the mercury barometer is its design. It consists of a long glass tube, typically around 1 meter in length, which is sealed at one end and filled with mercury. The open end is then inverted into a basin of mercury. The height of the mercury column is measured in millimeters or inches, and it provides a direct indication of the atmospheric pressure. Standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is defined as 760 mm of mercury (mmHg), which is equivalent to 1013.25 hPa (hectopascals).The mercury barometer has played a significant role in meteorology and weather forecasting. By monitoring changes in atmospheric pressure, meteorologists can predict weather patterns. For example, a rapid drop in pressure often indicates an approaching storm, while a steady increase typically suggests fair weather. This predictive capability is crucial for planning and preparedness, especially in regions prone to severe weather events.However, the use of the mercury barometer has declined in recent years due to safety concerns related to mercury, a toxic substance. While mercury is effective for measuring pressure due to its high density and low vapor pressure, its environmental and health risks have led to the development of alternative instruments. Digital barometers and aneroid barometers, which use mechanical means to measure pressure without the need for mercury, are now more commonly used in both professional meteorology and everyday applications.Despite its declining use, the mercury barometer remains an important part of scientific history. It represents a significant advancement in our understanding of atmospheric science and has paved the way for modern meteorological instruments. Many educational institutions still use mercury barometers in physics and science classes to demonstrate principles of pressure and buoyancy.In conclusion, the mercury barometer is not just a tool for measuring atmospheric pressure; it is a symbol of scientific progress. Its invention marked a turning point in meteorology, allowing for more accurate weather predictions and a deeper understanding of our atmosphere. As we continue to innovate and develop safer technologies, the legacy of the mercury barometer will undoubtedly live on in the field of atmospheric science, reminding us of the importance of precision in our measurements and the continuous quest for knowledge about the world around us.

水银气压计是一种用于测量大气压力的科学仪器。它是在17世纪由意大利物理学家和数学家埃万杰利斯塔·托里拆利发明的。水银气压计的工作原理是大气压力的变化会导致水银柱在玻璃管内上升或下降。这一现象发生的原因是空气的重量对水银表面施加的压力。当大气压力增加时，它会压下水银，导致其在管内上升；相反，当压力下降时，水银的液位会下降。水银气压计最迷人的方面之一是其设计。它由一根长约1米的玻璃管组成，管的一端密封并充满水银。开放的一端则倒置在一个盛有水银的盆中。水银柱的高度以毫米或英寸为单位进行测量，直接指示大气压力。海平面的标准大气压力定义为760毫米水银（mmHg），相当于1013.25 hPa（百帕斯卡）。水银气压计在气象学和天气预报中发挥了重要作用。通过监测大气压力的变化，气象学家可以预测天气模式。例如，压力的快速下降通常意味着暴风雨即将来临，而稳定的上升则通常表明天气晴朗。这种预测能力对于计划和准备至关重要，尤其是在容易发生严重天气事件的地区。然而，由于与水银相关的安全问题，水银气压计的使用在近年来有所减少。虽然水银因其高密度和低蒸汽压而有效地测量压力，但其环境和健康风险导致了替代仪器的发展。数字气压计和无液气压计使用机械手段测量压力，而无需使用水银，现在在专业气象学和日常应用中更为常见。尽管使用量下降，水银气压计仍然是科学历史的重要组成部分。它代表了我们对大气科学理解的重大进步，并为现代气象仪器铺平了道路。许多教育机构仍在物理和科学课程中使用水银气压计，以演示压力和浮力的原理。总之，水银气压计不仅仅是测量大气压力的工具；它是科学进步的象征。它的发明标志着气象学的一个转折点，使得天气预测更加准确，并加深了我们对大气的理解。随着我们不断创新和开发更安全的技术，水银气压计的遗产无疑将在大气科学领域继续存在，提醒我们测量精度的重要性，以及对周围世界知识的不断追求。