dead load

简明释义

静重

英英释义

例句

1.The dead load of a roof includes the weight of roofing materials and any permanent fixtures.

屋顶的恒载包括屋面材料和任何永久性装置的重量。

2.The contractor reported that the dead load was higher than initially estimated, which could affect the foundation.

承包商报告称，恒载比最初估计的要高，这可能会影响基础。

3.The engineer calculated the dead load of the building to ensure it could support the weight of the materials used.

工程师计算了建筑的恒载以确保它能够承受所用材料的重量。

4.In structural design, understanding the dead load is crucial for safety and stability.

在结构设计中，理解恒载对安全性和稳定性至关重要。

5.When designing bridges, engineers must account for both live loads and dead loads.

在设计桥梁时，工程师必须考虑活载和恒载。

作文

In the field of engineering and architecture, understanding various concepts is crucial for the successful design and construction of structures. One such important term is dead load, which refers to the permanent static weight of a structure. This includes the weight of all materials that make up the building, such as walls, floors, roofs, and any other fixed components. Essentially, the dead load is the load that is always present, as opposed to live loads, which can vary over time due to occupancy or environmental factors.When engineers design a building, they must accurately calculate the dead load to ensure the structure can support its own weight without collapsing. This calculation involves considering the materials used, their densities, and the overall dimensions of the building. For example, a concrete wall will have a different dead load compared to a wooden wall, due to the differences in material density and volume.Moreover, the dead load is a critical factor when determining the foundation requirements. A foundation must be strong enough to support not only the dead load but also any additional loads that may be applied during the building's lifespan. If the dead load is underestimated, it could lead to structural failure, resulting in costly repairs and potential safety hazards.In addition to its importance in structural integrity, the concept of dead load plays a significant role in the overall design process. Architects and engineers must collaborate to ensure that the aesthetic aspects of a building do not compromise its structural safety. For example, large windows or open spaces may be desirable from a design perspective, but they can also affect the distribution of the dead load and the overall stability of the structure.Furthermore, the dead load is not just limited to the physical materials of a building. It can also include fixed equipment, such as HVAC systems, plumbing fixtures, and built-in furniture. These elements contribute to the overall weight of the structure and must be accounted for during the design phase.As buildings age, the dead load can change due to renovations or additions, which may alter the original calculations. Engineers must consider these changes when assessing the long-term viability of a structure. Regular inspections and maintenance are essential to ensure that the building continues to safely support its dead load over time.In conclusion, the concept of dead load is fundamental in the fields of engineering and architecture. It encompasses the permanent weight of a structure and significantly influences design, safety, and longevity. By thoroughly understanding and calculating the dead load, engineers and architects can create safe, functional, and aesthetically pleasing buildings that stand the test of time. As we continue to innovate in construction techniques and materials, the principles surrounding dead load will remain a cornerstone of structural engineering.

在工程和建筑领域，理解各种概念对于成功设计和建造结构至关重要。一个重要的术语是死荷载，它指的是结构的永久静态重量。这包括构成建筑物的所有材料的重量，例如墙壁、地板、屋顶以及任何其他固定组件。基本上，死荷载是始终存在的荷载，与可能随时间变化的活荷载相对，这些活荷载可能由于占用或环境因素而变化。当工程师设计建筑物时，他们必须准确计算死荷载，以确保结构能够支撑自身的重量而不会倒塌。这个计算涉及考虑所用材料、其密度以及建筑物的整体尺寸。例如，混凝土墙的死荷载与木墙的死荷载不同，因为材料的密度和体积不同。此外，死荷载是确定基础要求的关键因素。基础必须足够强大，以支持不仅仅是死荷载，还有建筑物使用寿命内可能施加的任何额外荷载。如果低估了死荷载，可能会导致结构失效，导致昂贵的修复和潜在的安全隐患。除了在结构完整性方面的重要性，死荷载的概念在整体设计过程中也发挥着重要作用。建筑师和工程师必须合作，以确保建筑的美学方面不会危及其结构安全。例如，大窗户或开放空间在设计上可能是理想的，但它们也可能影响死荷载的分布和结构的整体稳定性。此外，死荷载不仅限于建筑物的物理材料。它还可以包括固定设备，如暖通空调系统、管道设施和内置家具。这些元素会增加结构的整体重量，在设计阶段必须加以考虑。随着建筑物的老化，由于翻新或扩建，死荷载可能会发生变化，这可能会改变原来的计算。工程师在评估结构的长期可行性时必须考虑这些变化。定期检查和维护对于确保建筑物能够安全地支撑其死荷载至关重要。总之，死荷载的概念在工程和建筑领域是基础性的。它涵盖了结构的永久重量，并显著影响设计、安全性和耐久性。通过彻底理解和计算死荷载，工程师和建筑师可以创建安全、功能齐全且美观的建筑，能够经受住时间的考验。随着我们在建筑技术和材料方面不断创新，围绕死荷载的原则将始终是结构工程的基石。