rationalist

简明释义

英[ˈræʃ(ə)nəlɪst]美[ˈræʃnəlɪst]

n. 理性主义者，唯理论者

adj. （人）理性主义的，唯理论的

复 数 r a t i o n a l i s t s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.As a child of the enlightenment, a rationalist and an atheist, I was sure I wouldn't be unduly affected by the death of a person unknown.

作为一个深受启蒙思想影响的人、一个理性主义者和无神论者，我确信自己不会因为一个陌生人的死亡而受过度影响。

2.I speak as one who was intended by my father to be brought up as a Rationalist.

我的父亲曾有意把我培养成一个理性主义者，我即以此身份发言。

3.Following the English empiricist Francis Bacon popper as a critical rationalist who first studied the problem and made it profound.

批判理性主义者波普尔是继近代英国经验论者f。培根之后第一个对此问题作深入探讨的现代哲学家。

4."The rationalist whose reason is not sufficient to teach him those limitations of the powers of conscious reason" (Friedrich August von Hayek).

“理性主义者的理智不足以告诉他们有意识的理性力量是有一些缺陷的”(弗雷德里希·奥古斯特·冯·海因克)。

5.Traditional rationalist planning is an important cause of these problems.

传统的理性主义规划思路是导致问题产生的重要原因。

6.Mr Brooks complains that policies too frequently rely on an overly simplistic, rationalist view of human nature.

布鲁克斯抱怨政策过于频繁地依赖于一种关于人性的很简单，十分理性主义的观点。

7.This link with emotions is what makes many rationalist economists reject the idea of bubbles.

这与情感的联系是什么使许多经济学家反对理性泡沫的想法。

8.The rationalist movement in the 17th century emphasized the importance of reason in human affairs.

17世纪的理性主义者运动强调了理性在人类事务中的重要性。

9.He identified as a rationalist, often dismissing superstitions as irrational beliefs.

他自认为是一名理性主义者，经常将迷信视为不理性的信仰。

10.As a rationalist, she argued that scientific evidence should guide our beliefs and actions.

作为一名理性主义者，她主张科学证据应该指导我们的信仰和行动。

11.In debates about ethics, many people take a rationalist approach, relying on logical reasoning rather than emotions.

在关于伦理的辩论中，许多人采取理性主义者的方法，依赖逻辑推理而非情感。

12.The philosopher was known as a prominent rationalist, believing that reason is the primary source of knowledge.

这位哲学家被称为著名的理性主义者，相信理性是知识的主要来源。

作文

In the realm of philosophy, the term rationalist refers to individuals who emphasize reason and logic as the primary sources of knowledge and understanding. Unlike empiricists, who argue that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience, rationalists believe that certain truths can be known through intellectual deduction and innate ideas. This distinction is crucial in understanding how various philosophical traditions approach the acquisition of knowledge. Rationalism has played a significant role in shaping modern thought, influencing fields such as science, mathematics, and ethics.One of the most notable figures in the history of rationalism is René Descartes, often referred to as the father of modern philosophy. Descartes famously declared, "I think, therefore I am," highlighting the importance of doubt and questioning in the pursuit of knowledge. His method involved breaking down complex problems into simpler components, allowing for clear reasoning and logical conclusions. For Descartes, the mind was the primary tool for understanding reality, and he believed that through rational thought, one could arrive at fundamental truths about existence.The implications of rationalist thought extend beyond philosophy into the realms of science and mathematics. The scientific method itself is rooted in rationalist principles, as it relies on hypothesis testing, logical reasoning, and systematic observation. Scientists often formulate theories based on rational deductions, which they then test through empirical means. This interplay between rationalism and empiricism highlights the importance of both approaches in the advancement of human knowledge.Moreover, rationalism has influenced ethical theories as well. Many ethical frameworks, such as utilitarianism and deontology, rely on rational principles to determine what is right and wrong. A rationalist approach to ethics emphasizes the role of reason in making moral decisions, arguing that individuals should consider the consequences of their actions and strive for the greatest good for the greatest number. This rational approach to ethics encourages individuals to think critically about their choices rather than relying solely on tradition or emotion.However, rationalism is not without its criticisms. Some argue that an overemphasis on reason can lead to a neglect of emotional and social factors that are equally important in understanding human behavior. Critics of rationalist thought assert that human beings are not purely rational creatures; instead, our emotions, experiences, and cultural contexts play significant roles in shaping our beliefs and actions. This critique has led to the development of alternative philosophical perspectives, such as existentialism and phenomenology, which prioritize subjective experience and the complexities of human existence.In conclusion, the concept of rationalism and the role of the rationalist in the pursuit of knowledge cannot be understated. While it has laid the groundwork for many advancements in philosophy, science, and ethics, it also invites ongoing debate about the nature of knowledge and the human experience. As we continue to explore the balance between reason and emotion, the contributions of rationalists will remain a vital part of our intellectual heritage. Understanding this balance may ultimately lead us to a more comprehensive view of knowledge that embraces both rational thought and the rich tapestry of human experience.

在哲学领域，术语理性主义者指的是那些强调理性和逻辑作为知识和理解的主要来源的人。与经验主义者不同，后者认为知识主要来自感官经验，理性主义者相信某些真理可以通过智力推理和先天观念来认识。这一区别对于理解各种哲学传统如何看待知识的获取至关重要。理性主义在塑造现代思想方面发挥了重要作用，影响了科学、数学和伦理等领域。历史上最著名的理性主义者之一是勒内·笛卡尔，他常被称为现代哲学之父。笛卡尔曾著名地宣称：“我思故我在”，强调怀疑和质疑在追求知识中的重要性。他的方法是将复杂的问题分解为更简单的组成部分，从而允许清晰的推理和逻辑结论。对笛卡尔而言，心智是理解现实的主要工具，他相信通过理性思考，人们可以得出关于存在的基本真理。理性主义的影响不仅限于哲学，还延伸到科学和数学领域。科学方法本身根植于理性主义原则，因为它依赖于假设检验、逻辑推理和系统观察。科学家们通常基于理性推导形成理论，然后通过经验手段进行测试。这种理性主义与经验主义之间的相互作用突显了两种方法在推动人类知识进步中的重要性。此外，理性主义还影响了伦理理论。许多伦理框架，如功利主义和义务论，依靠理性原则来判断什么是对的和错的。对伦理的理性主义方法强调理性在道德决策中的作用，认为个人应考虑自己行为的后果，并努力为最大多数人争取最大的利益。这种对伦理的理性方法鼓励个人批判性地思考他们的选择，而不仅仅依赖于传统或情感。然而，理性主义并非没有批评。有些人认为，过分强调理性可能导致忽视同样重要的情感和社会因素，这些因素在理解人类行为中同样重要。理性主义者的批评者主张，人类并非纯粹的理性生物；相反，我们的情感、经历和文化背景在塑造我们的信仰和行为方面发挥着重要作用。这一批评促使了替代哲学观点的发展，如存在主义和现象学，这些观点优先考虑主观经验和人类存在的复杂性。总之，理性主义的概念以及在追求知识中的理性主义者的角色不可低估。尽管它为哲学、科学和伦理的许多进步奠定了基础，但它也引发了关于知识性质和人类经验的持续辩论。随着我们继续探索理性与情感之间的平衡，理性主义者的贡献将始终是我们知识遗产的重要组成部分。理解这种平衡可能最终会引导我们获得更全面的知识观，既包容理性思考，又包容丰富的人类经验。