allowable stress

简明释义

容许应力

英英释义

例句

1.The engineer calculated the allowable stress to ensure the beam would not fail under load.

工程师计算了允许应力以确保梁在负载下不会失效。

2.In this project, we must adhere to the allowable stress limits set by the building codes.

在这个项目中，我们必须遵守建筑规范规定的允许应力限值。

3.Understanding the allowable stress is crucial for ensuring safety in construction.

理解允许应力对于确保施工安全至关重要。

4.The material's properties determine the allowable stress it can withstand.

材料的性质决定了它可以承受的允许应力。

5.The design was modified to reduce the allowable stress on the structural components.

设计经过修改，以减少结构组件上的允许应力。

作文

In the field of engineering, particularly in structural and mechanical design, the term allowable stress refers to the maximum stress that a material can withstand without experiencing failure. Understanding this concept is crucial for engineers as it helps ensure the safety and integrity of structures and components. The allowable stress is determined based on various factors, including the material properties, the type of loading conditions, and safety factors that account for uncertainties in design and material behavior.When designing a structure, engineers must consider the loads that will act on it, such as dead loads (permanent static loads), live loads (temporary dynamic loads), and environmental loads (such as wind or seismic forces). By analyzing these loads, they can calculate the stress that the materials will experience. The allowable stress provides a threshold; if the calculated stress exceeds this value, the design may need to be revised to ensure safety.Different materials have different allowable stresses. For example, steel typically has a higher allowable stress than concrete due to its superior tensile strength. This difference necessitates careful selection of materials based on the specific application and required performance characteristics. Engineers often refer to codes and standards, like the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) guidelines, which provide tables of allowable stresses for various materials and conditions.Moreover, the allowable stress is influenced by factors such as temperature, corrosion, and fatigue. For instance, when a material is subjected to cyclic loading over time, it may experience fatigue, reducing its effective allowable stress. Therefore, engineers must account for these factors when determining the allowable stress in their designs, ensuring that the structure will perform reliably throughout its intended lifespan.Additionally, the concept of allowable stress is closely related to the factor of safety, which is a measure of the load-carrying capacity of a system beyond the expected loads. The factor of safety is applied to the material's yield strength to establish the allowable stress. For example, if a material has a yield strength of 250 MPa and a safety factor of 2, the allowable stress would be 125 MPa. This practice helps to mitigate risks associated with unexpected overloads or material defects.In conclusion, the concept of allowable stress is vital in engineering design, ensuring that materials are used safely and effectively. By understanding and applying the principles surrounding allowable stress, engineers can create structures that not only meet performance requirements but also safeguard public safety. As technology advances and new materials are developed, the definitions and calculations of allowable stress will continue to evolve, reflecting the ongoing pursuit of innovation in engineering disciplines.

在工程领域，特别是结构和机械设计中，术语允许应力指的是材料在不发生失效的情况下能够承受的最大应力。理解这一概念对工程师至关重要，因为它有助于确保结构和组件的安全性和完整性。允许应力是基于多种因素确定的，包括材料特性、加载条件的类型以及考虑到设计和材料行为不确定性的安全系数。在设计结构时，工程师必须考虑将施加于其上的荷载，例如死荷载（永久静态荷载）、活荷载（临时动态荷载）和环境荷载（如风或地震力）。通过分析这些荷载，他们可以计算材料将经历的应力。允许应力提供了一个阈值；如果计算出的应力超过此值，则可能需要修改设计以确保安全。不同材料具有不同的允许应力。例如，钢材通常具有比混凝土更高的允许应力，这是由于其优越的抗拉强度。这种差异要求根据具体应用和所需性能特征仔细选择材料。工程师通常参考规范和标准，如美国钢结构协会（AISC）指南，这些指南提供了各种材料和条件下的允许应力表格。此外，允许应力还受到温度、腐蚀和疲劳等因素的影响。例如，当材料长期受到循环载荷作用时，可能会经历疲劳，从而降低其有效允许应力。因此，工程师在确定设计中的允许应力时，必须考虑这些因素，以确保结构在预期的使用寿命内可靠运行。此外，允许应力的概念与安全系数密切相关，安全系数是系统超出预期荷载的承载能力的度量。安全系数被应用于材料的屈服强度，以建立允许应力。例如，如果某材料的屈服强度为250 MPa，安全系数为2，则允许应力为125 MPa。这一做法有助于减轻与意外超载或材料缺陷相关的风险。总之，允许应力的概念在工程设计中至关重要，确保材料的安全有效使用。通过理解和应用围绕允许应力的原则，工程师可以创建不仅满足性能要求而且保护公众安全的结构。随着技术的进步和新材料的发展，允许应力的定义和计算将继续演变，反映出工程学科不断追求创新的过程。