radioactive decay

简明释义

放射性衰变

英英释义

例句

1.Scientists use radioactive decay to date ancient artifacts through carbon dating.

科学家利用放射性衰变通过碳定年法来测定古代文物的年代。

2.The half-life of a substance is the time it takes for half of it to undergo radioactive decay.

一种物质的半衰期是其一半经历放射性衰变所需的时间。

3.The safety of nuclear power plants is heavily reliant on understanding radioactive decay processes.

核电站的安全性在很大程度上依赖于对放射性衰变过程的理解。

4.In nuclear medicine, radioactive decay is used to treat certain types of cancer.

在核医学中，放射性衰变被用于治疗某些类型的癌症。

5.The process of radioactive decay is fundamental to understanding nuclear physics.

理解核物理的基本过程是放射性衰变。

作文

Radioactive decay is a natural process by which unstable atomic nuclei lose energy by emitting radiation. This phenomenon occurs in various elements, particularly those that have a high atomic number. The concept of radioactive decay (放射性衰变) can be difficult to grasp at first, but understanding its implications is crucial for fields ranging from nuclear physics to medicine.In essence, radioactive decay is the transformation of an unstable atomic nucleus into a more stable one. During this process, the atom releases particles or electromagnetic waves, known as radiation. There are several types of radioactive decay, including alpha decay, beta decay, and gamma decay, each characterized by the type of radiation emitted.Alpha decay involves the release of alpha particles, which consist of two protons and two neutrons. This type of decay typically occurs in heavier elements, such as uranium and radium. Beta decay, on the other hand, involves the conversion of a neutron into a proton, resulting in the emission of a beta particle, which can either be an electron or a positron. This process is common in lighter elements, such as carbon-14. Finally, gamma decay involves the release of gamma rays, which are high-energy electromagnetic waves, without changing the number of protons or neutrons in the nucleus.The rate at which a radioactive substance decays is quantified by its half-life, the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay. This characteristic is unique to each isotope; for example, carbon-14 has a half-life of about 5,730 years, making it useful for dating archaeological finds, while iodine-131 has a half-life of only eight days, which is beneficial in medical applications such as thyroid cancer treatment.Understanding radioactive decay (放射性衰变) is essential not only in scientific research but also in practical applications. In medicine, for instance, radioactive isotopes are used in diagnostic imaging and cancer therapy. The ability to track the decay of these isotopes allows doctors to visualize internal organs and detect abnormalities with great precision.Moreover, knowledge of radioactive decay is vital for assessing environmental and health risks associated with radiation exposure. For example, nuclear power plants utilize controlled radioactive decay to generate energy, but they also produce waste that remains hazardous for thousands of years. Understanding the decay rates of these materials helps in managing and disposing of nuclear waste safely.In conclusion, radioactive decay (放射性衰变) is a fundamental concept in both science and everyday life. Its implications stretch far beyond the laboratory, affecting fields such as medicine, environmental science, and energy production. As our understanding of this process deepens, we continue to uncover new applications and insights that highlight the importance of radioactive decay in our world.