racemic mixture

简明释义

外消旋混合物

英英释义

例句

1.The racemic mixture can be separated into its individual enantiomers through chiral chromatography.

该外消旋混合物可以通过手性色谱法分离成其各个对映体。

2.The racemic mixture of the drug was found to be less effective than its pure enantiomers.

这种药物的外消旋混合物被发现比其纯对映体效果差。

3.Scientists often use a racemic mixture in their experiments to test reactions.

科学家们经常在实验中使用外消旋混合物来测试反应。

4.The chemist prepared a racemic mixture to study its properties.

化学家准备了一个外消旋混合物来研究其性质。

5.In pharmaceuticals, a racemic mixture can sometimes lead to unwanted side effects.

在制药行业，外消旋混合物有时会导致不必要的副作用。

作文

The concept of a racemic mixture refers to a specific type of chemical mixture that contains equal amounts of two enantiomers. Enantiomers are molecules that are mirror images of each other, much like how our left and right hands are similar but not identical. This phenomenon is particularly significant in the field of chemistry and pharmacology because the different enantiomers can exhibit vastly different biological activities. For instance, one enantiomer of a drug may be therapeutic, while the other could be harmful or ineffective. Therefore, understanding racemic mixtures is crucial for drug development and safety.In many cases, drugs are administered as racemic mixtures because it is often easier and more cost-effective to produce both enantiomers simultaneously. However, this practice can lead to complications when the effects of the individual enantiomers differ significantly. A classic example is the case of thalidomide, which was prescribed as a sedative in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The drug exists as a racemic mixture of two enantiomers: one that alleviates nausea and another that caused severe birth defects. This tragic outcome highlighted the importance of studying the properties of racemic mixtures and understanding the implications of using such mixtures in medicine.The separation of enantiomers from a racemic mixture is known as resolution. Various methods have been developed to achieve this, including chiral chromatography and enzymatic processes. Chiral chromatography utilizes a stationary phase that interacts differently with each enantiomer, allowing for their separation based on their unique interactions. This process is essential for producing pure enantiomers for pharmaceuticals, ensuring that patients receive only the beneficial form of a drug.Furthermore, the study of racemic mixtures extends beyond pharmaceuticals. In the field of organic chemistry, researchers often encounter racemic mixtures during synthesis. Understanding how to manipulate these mixtures can lead to the development of new compounds with desirable properties. Additionally, the presence of racemic mixtures in nature adds another layer of complexity. Many natural products exist as racemic mixtures, and isolating the active enantiomer can be a challenging yet rewarding endeavor.In conclusion, the significance of racemic mixtures cannot be overstated. They play a critical role in various fields, especially in drug development, where the distinction between enantiomers can mean the difference between a life-saving medication and a dangerous substance. As research continues to evolve, a deeper understanding of racemic mixtures will undoubtedly lead to better therapeutic strategies and safer pharmaceuticals. The ongoing exploration of chiral chemistry and its applications will continue to shape the future of medicine and our understanding of molecular interactions.

“racemic mixture”（外消旋混合物）的概念指的是一种特定类型的化学混合物，包含等量的两种对映体。对映体是彼此的镜像分子，就像我们的左右手相似但不完全相同。这种现象在化学和药理学领域尤为重要，因为不同的对映体可能表现出截然不同的生物活性。例如，一种药物的一个对映体可能具有治疗作用，而另一个则可能有害或无效。因此，理解racemic mixtures对于药物开发和安全性至关重要。在许多情况下，药物以racemic mixtures的形式给药，因为同时生产两种对映体通常更简单且成本更低。然而，当单个对映体的效果显著不同的时候，这种做法可能会导致复杂的问题。一个经典的例子是沙利度胺，它在20世纪50年代末和60年代初被作为镇静剂开处方。这种药物以racemic mixture的形式存在，其中一种对映体可以缓解恶心，而另一种则导致严重的出生缺陷。这一悲惨结果突显了研究racemic mixtures的重要性，以及在医学中使用这种混合物的含义。从racemic mixture中分离对映体的过程称为分辨。已经开发出多种方法来实现这一目标，包括手性色谱法和酶促反应。手性色谱法利用与每个对映体的相互作用不同的固定相，从而使其根据独特的相互作用进行分离。这个过程对于生产药物的纯对映体至关重要，确保患者只接受药物的有益形式。此外，racemic mixtures的研究不仅限于药物。在有机化学领域，研究人员在合成过程中经常遇到racemic mixtures。理解如何操控这些混合物可以导致新化合物的开发，具有理想的性质。此外，自然界中racemic mixtures的存在增加了复杂性。许多天然产物以racemic mixtures的形式存在，分离出活性对映体可能是一项具有挑战性的但又值得的工作。总之，racemic mixtures的重要性不容小觑。它们在各个领域发挥着关键作用，尤其是在药物开发中，对映体之间的区别可能意味着救命药物和危险物质之间的差异。随着研究的不断发展，对racemic mixtures的深入理解无疑将导致更好的治疗策略和更安全的药物。手性化学及其应用的持续探索将继续塑造医学的未来以及我们对分子相互作用的理解。