pyrimidine base

简明释义

嘧啶碱

英英释义

例句

1.A common example of a pyrimidine base 嘧啶碱基 is thymine, which pairs with adenine in DNA.

一个常见的pyrimidine base 嘧啶碱基 是胸腺嘧啶，它与DNA中的腺嘌呤配对。

2.The drug targets enzymes that interact with pyrimidine bases 嘧啶碱基 to inhibit cancer cell growth.

该药物靶向与pyrimidine bases 嘧啶碱基 互动的酶，以抑制癌细胞的生长。

3.Researchers are studying the effects of mutations in pyrimidine bases 嘧啶碱基 on genetic diseases.

研究人员正在研究pyrimidine bases 嘧啶碱基 突变对遗传疾病的影响。

4.In the synthesis of nucleotides, the incorporation of a pyrimidine base 嘧啶碱基 is crucial for DNA formation.

在核苷酸的合成中，加入一个pyrimidine base 嘧啶碱基 对于DNA的形成至关重要。

5.The pyrimidine base 嘧啶碱基 cytosine plays a key role in RNA structure.

碱基胞嘧啶pyrimidine base 嘧啶碱基 在RNA结构中发挥着关键作用。

作文

The study of nucleic acids has revealed a complex world of molecular interactions that are essential for life. At the heart of this complexity are the building blocks known as bases. Among these, the term pyrimidine base refers to a specific category of nitrogenous bases that play a crucial role in the structure of DNA and RNA. The two primary examples of pyrimidine bases are cytosine (C) and thymine (T) in DNA, as well as uracil (U) in RNA. Understanding the function and importance of these bases is vital for anyone studying genetics or molecular biology.Pyrimidine bases are characterized by their single-ring structure, which distinguishes them from purine bases, such as adenine (A) and guanine (G), that have a double-ring structure. This structural difference is significant because it affects how these bases pair with each other during the formation of nucleic acid strands. In DNA, for instance, thymine pairs with adenine, while cytosine pairs with guanine. This complementary base pairing is fundamental to the processes of DNA replication and transcription, ensuring that genetic information is accurately copied and expressed.In addition to their structural roles, pyrimidine bases also participate in various biochemical pathways. For example, uracil plays an essential role in the synthesis of RNA, where it replaces thymine. This substitution is not merely a trivial detail; it reflects the different functions that DNA and RNA perform within the cell. While DNA serves as the long-term storage of genetic information, RNA acts as a messenger, conveying this information from the DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.Moreover, the metabolism of pyrimidine bases is crucial for cellular function. Cells must constantly produce and recycle these bases to maintain proper levels for nucleic acid synthesis. Deficiencies or imbalances in pyrimidine bases can lead to serious health issues, including metabolic disorders and increased susceptibility to certain diseases. Therefore, understanding how pyrimidine bases are synthesized and regulated within the body is an important area of research in biochemistry and medicine.Furthermore, the study of pyrimidine bases extends beyond basic biology into applications in biotechnology and pharmacology. For instance, many antiviral and anticancer drugs target the pathways involved in the metabolism of these bases. By inhibiting the synthesis of pyrimidine bases, these drugs can effectively halt the proliferation of rapidly dividing cells, such as those found in tumors or viral infections. This highlights the importance of pyrimidine bases not only in fundamental biological processes but also in therapeutic interventions.In conclusion, the understanding of pyrimidine bases is essential for comprehending the molecular foundations of life. Their roles in the structure of nucleic acids, participation in biochemical pathways, and implications in health and disease underscore their significance. As research continues to unveil the complexities of these molecules, the knowledge gained will undoubtedly contribute to advancements in science and medicine, paving the way for new discoveries and treatments.

核酸的研究揭示了一个复杂的分子相互作用世界，这些相互作用对生命至关重要。在这种复杂性的核心是被称为碱基的构建块。在这些碱基中，术语嘧啶碱基指的是一类特定的含氮碱基，它们在DNA和RNA的结构中扮演着至关重要的角色。嘧啶碱基的两个主要例子是DNA中的胞嘧啶（C）和胸腺嘧啶（T），以及RNA中的尿嘧啶（U）。理解这些碱基的功能和重要性对于任何学习遗传学或分子生物学的人来说都是至关重要的。嘧啶碱基的特点是单环结构，这将它们与具有双环结构的嘌呤碱基（如腺嘌呤（A）和鸟嘌呤（G））区分开来。这种结构差异是重要的，因为它影响这些碱基在形成核酸链时的配对方式。例如，在DNA中，胸腺嘧啶与腺嘌呤配对，而胞嘧啶则与鸟嘌呤配对。这种互补碱基配对是DNA复制和转录过程的基础，确保遗传信息被准确复制和表达。除了作为结构角色外，嘧啶碱基还参与各种生化途径。例如，尿嘧啶在RNA的合成中发挥着重要作用，其中它取代了胸腺嘧啶。这种替代并不是一个微不足道的细节；它反映了DNA和RNA在细胞内执行的不同功能。虽然DNA作为遗传信息的长期存储，但RNA则充当信使，将这些信息从DNA传递到核糖体，在那里合成蛋白质。此外，嘧啶碱基的代谢对细胞功能至关重要。细胞必须不断产生和回收这些碱基，以保持适当的核酸合成水平。嘧啶碱基的缺乏或不平衡可能导致严重的健康问题，包括代谢紊乱和对某些疾病的易感性增加。因此，理解嘧啶碱基在体内的合成和调节如何进行，是生物化学和医学研究的重要领域。此外，对嘧啶碱基的研究超越了基础生物学，延伸到生物技术和药理学的应用。例如，许多抗病毒和抗癌药物针对涉及这些碱基代谢的途径。通过抑制嘧啶碱基的合成，这些药物可以有效地阻止快速分裂细胞（例如肿瘤或病毒感染中的细胞）的增殖。这突显了嘧啶碱基在基本生物过程和治疗干预中的重要性。总之，理解嘧啶碱基对理解生命的分子基础至关重要。它们在核酸结构中的作用、参与生化途径以及在健康和疾病中的影响，突显了它们的重要性。随着研究不断揭示这些分子的复杂性，所获得的知识无疑将有助于科学和医学的进步，为新的发现和治疗铺平道路。