partition coefficient

简明释义

配分系数

英英释义

例句

1.The partition coefficient is essential in predicting how a drug will distribute in the body.

在预测药物在体内的分布时，分配系数是至关重要的。

2.In pharmacokinetics, the partition coefficient helps determine the absorption rate of a medication.

在药代动力学中，分配系数有助于确定药物的吸收速率。

3.The partition coefficient can vary significantly between different compounds.

不同化合物之间的分配系数可能会有显著差异。

4.Researchers calculated the partition coefficient to understand the environmental impact of pollutants.

研究人员计算了分配系数以了解污染物对环境的影响。

5.A high partition coefficient indicates that a substance is more soluble in organic solvents than in water.

高的分配系数表明某种物质在有机溶剂中的溶解度高于在水中的溶解度。

作文

The concept of the partition coefficient is fundamental in the field of chemistry and biology, particularly when discussing how substances distribute themselves between two different phases. This coefficient provides insight into the solubility of a compound in various solvents, which is crucial for understanding its behavior in biological systems. The partition coefficient is defined as the ratio of the concentration of a compound in one phase to its concentration in another phase at equilibrium. Typically, this involves a hydrophobic phase, such as octanol, and a hydrophilic phase, usually water. Understanding the partition coefficient helps chemists and biologists predict how a drug will behave in the body. For instance, a drug with a high partition coefficient indicates that it is more soluble in lipids than in water, suggesting that it may easily cross cell membranes. This property is essential for drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). In addition to pharmacology, the partition coefficient has significant implications in environmental science. It can be used to assess the potential bioaccumulation of pollutants in aquatic organisms. A high partition coefficient suggests that a chemical may accumulate in the fatty tissues of organisms, which can lead to harmful ecological effects. To calculate the partition coefficient, scientists often use the formula: P = [solute]octanol / [solute]water. Here, [solute]octanol represents the concentration of the solute in the octanol phase, while [solute]water represents its concentration in the water phase. The resulting value provides a quantitative measure of the solute's hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity. Moreover, the partition coefficient can vary significantly depending on temperature, pH, and the presence of other substances. Therefore, it is essential to consider these factors when interpreting partition coefficient values. For example, a drug might have a different partition coefficient at physiological pH compared to acidic or basic conditions. In conclusion, the partition coefficient is a vital parameter in various scientific disciplines, influencing drug design, environmental assessments, and our understanding of molecular interactions. By analyzing the partition coefficient, researchers can gain valuable insights into the behavior of substances in different environments, ultimately leading to advancements in medicine, environmental protection, and chemical safety. Understanding the implications of the partition coefficient allows scientists to make informed decisions regarding the development and application of new compounds, ensuring their efficacy and safety in real-world scenarios.

分配系数的概念在化学和生物学领域中是基础性的，特别是在讨论物质如何在两个不同相之间分布时。这个系数提供了对化合物在各种溶剂中溶解度的洞察，这对于理解其在生物系统中的行为至关重要。分配系数被定义为在平衡状态下，化合物在一个相中的浓度与在另一个相中的浓度的比率。通常，这涉及到一个疏水相，如辛醇，以及一个亲水相，通常是水。理解分配系数帮助化学家和生物学家预测药物在体内的行为。例如，具有高分配系数的药物表明它在脂质中比在水中更易溶解，这暗示它可能容易穿越细胞膜。这一特性对于药物的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄（ADME）至关重要。除了药理学外，分配系数在环境科学中也具有重要意义。它可以用来评估污染物在水生生物中的潜在生物积累。高分配系数表明化学物质可能在生物体的脂肪组织中积累，这可能导致有害的生态影响。为了计算分配系数，科学家通常使用公式：P = [溶质]辛醇 / [溶质]水。在这里，[溶质]辛醇代表溶质在辛醇相中的浓度，而[溶质]水代表其在水相中的浓度。得到的值提供了溶质疏水性或亲水性的定量测量。此外，分配系数可能因温度、pH值和其他物质的存在而显著变化。因此，在解释分配系数值时，考虑这些因素至关重要。例如，药物在生理pH下可能具有不同的分配系数，而在酸性或碱性条件下则有所不同。总之，分配系数是各个科学学科中的重要参数，影响着药物设计、环境评估以及我们对分子相互作用的理解。通过分析分配系数，研究人员可以获得关于物质在不同环境中行为的宝贵见解，从而推动医学、环境保护和化学安全的进步。理解分配系数的含义使科学家能够就新化合物的开发和应用做出明智的决策，确保其在现实场景中的有效性和安全性。