osmotic pressure

简明释义

渗透压力

英英释义

例句

1.Dialysis relies on the principle of osmotic pressure to remove waste products from the blood.

透析依赖于渗透压的原理来去除血液中的废物。

2.The process of water movement across a semipermeable membrane is driven by osmotic pressure, which is defined as the pressure required to stop the flow of water into a solution.

水通过半透膜的运动过程是由渗透压驱动的，渗透压被定义为阻止水流入溶液所需的压力。

3.In plants, osmotic pressure helps maintain turgor, which keeps the cells rigid and supports the plant structure.

在植物中，渗透压有助于维持膨压，使细胞保持刚性并支持植物结构。

4.The osmotic pressure of a solution can be calculated using the van 't Hoff equation.

溶液的渗透压可以使用范特霍夫方程计算。

5.When salt is added to water, it increases the osmotic pressure, causing water to move out of the cells and leading to dehydration.

当盐被加入水中时，它会增加渗透压，导致水从细胞中流出，从而导致脱水。

作文

Osmotic pressure is a fundamental concept in the field of chemistry and biology. It refers to the pressure required to stop the flow of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane when there is a concentration gradient of solutes on either side. In simpler terms, it is the force that drives the movement of water across membranes, which is crucial for various biological processes. Understanding osmotic pressure (渗透压) is essential for comprehending how cells maintain their shape and function in different environments.When a cell is placed in a solution, the osmotic pressure (渗透压) determines whether water will enter or exit the cell. For instance, if a cell is immersed in a hypertonic solution (where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than inside), water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink. Conversely, in a hypotonic solution (where the concentration of solutes is lower outside than inside), water will flow into the cell, potentially leading to swelling or even bursting. This behavior highlights the importance of osmotic pressure (渗透压) in maintaining cellular homeostasis.In plants, osmotic pressure (渗透压) plays a crucial role in supporting structure and growth. The rigidity of plant cells is largely due to the pressure of water within the central vacuole, which is maintained by the osmotic pressure (渗透压) exerted by solutes. When plants lose water, their cells lose turgor pressure, which can lead to wilting. Therefore, understanding osmotic pressure (渗透压) is vital for agriculture and horticulture, as it affects irrigation practices and plant health.In medical science, osmotic pressure (渗透压) is critical for understanding fluid balance in the body. For example, intravenous fluids are often administered based on their osmotic pressure (渗透压) to ensure that they do not disrupt the normal balance of fluids in cells. Hypertonic solutions can be used to draw excess fluid out of swollen tissues, while hypotonic solutions may be used to rehydrate cells that have lost water. Thus, knowledge of osmotic pressure (渗透压) is essential for healthcare professionals in providing appropriate treatments.Furthermore, osmotic pressure (渗透压) is also significant in industrial applications, such as in the production of food and beverages. For instance, osmosis is utilized in processes like reverse osmosis for water purification and desalination. By applying pressure greater than the osmotic pressure (渗透压) of the saline solution, pure water can be separated from saltwater, making it suitable for consumption.In conclusion, osmotic pressure (渗透压) is a vital concept that transcends multiple disciplines, including biology, medicine, and industry. Its role in regulating the movement of water and maintaining equilibrium in various systems cannot be overstated. A deeper understanding of osmotic pressure (渗透压) allows us to appreciate the intricate balance of life at the cellular level and apply this knowledge in practical ways to improve health, agricultural practices, and technological advancements.

渗透压是化学和生物学领域的一个基本概念。它指的是在半透膜两侧存在溶质浓度梯度时，阻止溶剂分子流动所需的压力。简单来说，它是推动水通过膜的力量，这对各种生物过程至关重要。理解渗透压（osmotic pressure）对于理解细胞如何在不同环境中维持其形状和功能是必不可少的。当细胞被置于溶液中时，渗透压（osmotic pressure）决定了水是进入还是离开细胞。例如，如果细胞浸入高渗溶液中（细胞外的溶质浓度高于细胞内），水会从细胞中流出，使其缩小。相反，在低渗溶液中（外部的溶质浓度低于内部），水会流入细胞，可能导致细胞膨胀甚至破裂。这种行为突显了渗透压（osmotic pressure）在维持细胞稳态中的重要性。在植物中，渗透压（osmotic pressure）在支持结构和生长方面起着至关重要的作用。植物细胞的刚性主要是由于中央液泡内水的压力，这种压力是由溶质施加的渗透压（osmotic pressure）维持的。当植物失去水分时，其细胞会失去膨压，可能导致植物萎蔫。因此，理解渗透压（osmotic pressure）对农业和园艺至关重要，因为它影响灌溉实践和植物健康。在医学科学中，渗透压（osmotic pressure）对于理解体内液体平衡至关重要。例如，静脉注射液体通常根据其渗透压（osmotic pressure）进行施用，以确保它们不会破坏细胞内正常的液体平衡。高渗溶液可用于抽取肿胀组织中的多余液体，而低渗溶液则可用于重新水合失去水分的细胞。因此，了解渗透压（osmotic pressure）对医疗专业人员提供适当治疗至关重要。此外，渗透压（osmotic pressure）在工业应用中也很重要，例如在食品和饮料的生产中。例如，渗透作用用于反渗透等水净化和海水淡化过程。通过施加大于盐水的渗透压（osmotic pressure）的压力，可以将纯水从盐水中分离，使其适合饮用。总之，渗透压（osmotic pressure）是一个跨越多个学科的重要概念，包括生物学、医学和工业。它在调节水的运动和维持各种系统的平衡中的作用不容小觑。对渗透压（osmotic pressure）的深入理解使我们能够欣赏生命在细胞水平上的微妙平衡，并以实际方式应用这些知识，以改善健康、农业实践和技术进步。