osmotic coefficient

简明释义

渗透系数

英英释义

例句

1.Researchers found that the osmotic coefficient 渗透系数 influences the rate at which drugs are absorbed in the body.

研究人员发现，渗透系数影响药物在体内的吸收速率。

2.The calculation of the osmotic coefficient 渗透系数 is essential for understanding how solutes affect the movement of water across cell membranes.

计算渗透系数对于理解溶质如何影响水分在细胞膜间的移动至关重要。

3.Understanding the osmotic coefficient 渗透系数 is crucial in medical applications, especially in IV fluid formulations.

理解渗透系数在医学应用中至关重要，尤其是在静脉注射液体配方中。

4.In our laboratory experiment, we measured the osmotic coefficient 渗透系数 of various solutions to determine their effects on plant cells.

在我们的实验室实验中，我们测量了各种溶液的渗透系数以确定它们对植物细胞的影响。

5.The osmotic coefficient 渗透系数 can vary significantly depending on the temperature and concentration of the solution.

根据溶液的温度和浓度，渗透系数可能会有显著变化。

作文

The study of solutions and their properties is a fundamental aspect of chemistry and biology. One important concept in this field is the osmotic coefficient, which plays a crucial role in understanding how solutes interact with solvents, particularly in biological systems. The osmotic coefficient is a measure of the deviation of a solution's osmotic pressure from that predicted by ideal behavior. In simpler terms, it helps us understand how much a solute affects the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane. This concept is vital in various applications, including medical treatments, food preservation, and environmental science.To grasp the significance of the osmotic coefficient, we need to first understand osmosis itself. Osmosis is the process by which water molecules move through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. This movement continues until equilibrium is reached. However, real-life solutions often do not behave ideally due to interactions between solute particles. This is where the osmotic coefficient comes into play.The osmotic coefficient quantifies these interactions. It is defined as the ratio of the actual osmotic pressure of a solution to the osmotic pressure predicted by the van 't Hoff equation, which assumes ideal behavior. When the osmotic coefficient is equal to one, it indicates that the solution behaves ideally. Values less than one suggest that the solute particles are interacting in a way that reduces the effective concentration of the solute, while values greater than one indicate increased interactions that enhance the effective concentration.In biological contexts, the osmotic coefficient is particularly important. For example, when administering intravenous fluids to patients, understanding the osmotic coefficient of the fluids can help healthcare providers ensure that the fluids will maintain proper hydration levels without causing cellular damage. If a fluid has a high osmotic coefficient, it may draw too much water out of cells, leading to dehydration. Conversely, a low osmotic coefficient may result in cells swelling due to excessive water intake.Moreover, the osmotic coefficient is also relevant in agriculture, where it influences how plants absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Farmers need to consider the osmotic coefficient of fertilizers and irrigation methods to optimize plant growth and yield. Understanding how different solutes affect the osmotic coefficient can lead to more effective agricultural practices.In conclusion, the osmotic coefficient is a critical parameter in both scientific research and practical applications. Its ability to describe the interactions between solutes and solvents makes it invaluable in fields ranging from medicine to agriculture. By studying the osmotic coefficient, researchers and practitioners can better predict and manipulate the behaviors of solutions, ultimately leading to advancements in health, food production, and environmental management.

溶液及其性质的研究是化学和生物学的一个基本方面。这个领域中的一个重要概念是渗透系数，它在理解溶质如何与溶剂相互作用时起着至关重要的作用，特别是在生物系统中。渗透系数是溶液的渗透压与理想行为预测的渗透压之间偏差的度量。简单来说，它帮助我们理解溶质如何影响水通过半透膜的运动。这个概念在医疗治疗、食品保存和环境科学等各种应用中都是至关重要的。要理解渗透系数的重要性，我们首先需要了解渗透作用本身。渗透是水分子通过半透膜从低溶质浓度区域移动到高溶质浓度区域的过程。这种运动持续进行，直到达到平衡。然而，现实生活中的溶液往往由于溶质粒子之间的相互作用而表现得不理想。这就是渗透系数发挥作用的地方。渗透系数量化了这些相互作用。它被定义为溶液的实际渗透压与根据范特霍夫方程（假设理想行为）预测的渗透压之比。当渗透系数等于一时，表明该溶液表现得理想。小于一的值表明溶质粒子以减少溶质有效浓度的方式相互作用，而大于一的值则表明增强了有效浓度的相互作用。在生物背景下，渗透系数尤其重要。例如，在给患者输注静脉液体时，了解液体的渗透系数可以帮助医疗提供者确保液体能够维持适当的水合水平而不会造成细胞损伤。如果一种液体具有较高的渗透系数，可能会使细胞过多地抽取水分，导致脱水。相反，较低的渗透系数可能会导致细胞因摄入过多水分而肿胀。此外，渗透系数在农业中也相关，它影响植物如何从土壤中吸收水分和养分。农民需要考虑肥料和灌溉方法的渗透系数，以优化植物生长和产量。了解不同溶质如何影响渗透系数可以导致更有效的农业实践。总之，渗透系数是科学研究和实际应用中的一个关键参数。它描述溶质与溶剂之间相互作用的能力使其在医学、农业等领域中非常宝贵。通过研究渗透系数，研究人员和从业者可以更好地预测和操控溶液的行为，最终推动健康、食品生产和环境管理的进步。