lysogenic

简明释义

英[ˌlaɪsəʊˈdʒenɪk]美[ˌlaɪsoʊˈdʒenɪk]

adj. 生成细胞溶素的；溶原的；产噬的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Lysogenic cells differ from sensitive cell in two other important respects.

溶源性细胞与敏感细胞还有两点重要区别。

2.Accor ding to their interactions, 10 bacterial strains were classified into 6 susceptible groups and 20 phage strains were classified into 7 different lysogenic types .

根据它们相互的亲和关系，可把10个细条病菌菌株划分为6个组，把20个噬菌体划分为7个溶菌型；

3.Phage induct ion following conjugation of a lysogenic bacterium with a nonlysogenic one.

伴随着溶源菌与非溶源菌接合的噬菌体诱导。

4.If the number of co-infecting viruses exceeded a certain threshold, the positive feedback loop associated with cI dominated, turning the switch to the lysogenic pathway.

而如果共同感染的病毒数目超过一个特定的阈值，则cl基因主导的正反馈环路将使细胞转向溶原通路。

5.If the number of co-infecting viruses exceeded a certain threshold, the positive feedback loop associated with cI dominated, turning the switch to the lysogenic pathway.

而如果共同感染的病毒数目超过一个特定的阈值，则cl基因主导的正反馈环路将使细胞转向溶原通路。

6.The switch from a lysogenic 溶原性 state to a lytic state can occur due to stress conditions.

从lysogenic 溶原性状态到裂解状态的转换可能由于压力条件而发生。

7.In a lysogenic 溶原性 infection, the virus remains dormant until triggered by environmental factors.

在lysogenic 溶原性感染中，病毒保持休眠状态，直到受到环境因素的触发。

8.Researchers are studying the lysogenic 溶原性 conversion of bacteria to understand antibiotic resistance.

研究人员正在研究细菌的lysogenic 溶原性转化，以理解抗生素耐药性。

9.During the lysogenic 溶原性 phase, the viral DNA replicates along with the host's DNA.

在lysogenic 溶原性阶段，病毒DNA与宿主的DNA一起复制。

10.The bacteriophage can enter a lysogenic 溶原性 cycle, integrating its DNA into the host genome.

噬菌体可以进入一个lysogenic 溶原性周期，将其DNA整合到宿主基因组中。

作文

The world of microbiology is filled with fascinating concepts that help us understand the intricate relationships between viruses and their host cells. One such concept is the term lysogenic, which refers to a specific cycle of viral replication. In a lysogenic cycle, a virus integrates its genetic material into the host cell's DNA, allowing it to replicate passively as the host cell divides. This process contrasts sharply with the lytic cycle, where the virus takes over the host's machinery to produce new viral particles, ultimately leading to the destruction of the host cell. Understanding the lysogenic cycle is crucial for various fields, including medicine, genetics, and biotechnology.The lysogenic cycle begins when a bacteriophage, a type of virus that infects bacteria, attaches itself to the surface of a bacterial cell. Once attached, the phage injects its DNA into the host cell. Instead of immediately hijacking the cell's machinery to produce new viruses, the viral DNA integrates into the bacterial chromosome, becoming what is known as a prophage. This integration allows the viral DNA to be replicated along with the host's DNA during cell division, which means that every time the bacterial cell divides, it passes on the viral genetic material to its daughter cells.The lysogenic state can persist for many generations without causing any harm to the host. However, certain environmental factors, such as stress or UV radiation, can trigger the prophage to exit the bacterial chromosome and enter the lytic cycle. This transition can lead to the production of new viral particles and the eventual lysis, or bursting, of the host cell, releasing these new viruses to infect other cells.This duality of the lysogenic and lytic cycles showcases the adaptability of viruses. They can remain dormant within their hosts for extended periods, waiting for the right conditions to activate their reproductive cycle. This ability to switch between cycles is not only a survival mechanism for the virus but also poses challenges for researchers and healthcare professionals. For instance, some bacteriophages are being explored as alternatives to antibiotics in treating bacterial infections. Understanding whether these phages operate primarily through a lysogenic or lytic cycle is essential for predicting their behavior in clinical settings.In addition to its implications in medicine, the lysogenic cycle has significant applications in genetic engineering. Scientists can exploit the properties of lysogenic bacteriophages to introduce new genes into bacterial genomes. By using modified phages that carry desired genetic material, researchers can create genetically modified organisms (GMOs) with specific traits. This technique has potential applications in agriculture, medicine, and environmental science.In conclusion, the term lysogenic encapsulates a vital aspect of viral biology that has far-reaching implications across various scientific disciplines. From understanding bacterial resistance to developing innovative therapeutic strategies, the lysogenic cycle represents a remarkable interplay between viruses and their hosts. As research continues to evolve, our comprehension of these processes will undoubtedly lead to new discoveries and advancements in science and medicine.

微生物学的世界充满了迷人的概念，这些概念帮助我们理解病毒与宿主细胞之间复杂的关系。其中一个概念是“lysogenic”这个术语，它指的是病毒复制的特定周期。在lysogenic周期中，病毒将其遗传物质整合到宿主细胞的DNA中，使其能够在宿主细胞分裂时被动复制。这个过程与裂解周期形成鲜明对比，在裂解周期中，病毒占据宿主的机制以生产新的病毒颗粒，最终导致宿主细胞的破坏。理解lysogenic周期对于医学、遗传学和生物技术等多个领域至关重要。lysogenic周期始于噬菌体（一种感染细菌的病毒）附着在细菌细胞表面。一旦附着，噬菌体就会将其DNA注入宿主细胞。病毒DNA并不会立即劫持细胞的机制来生产新的病毒，而是整合到细菌染色体中，成为所谓的前噬菌体。这种整合允许病毒DNA在细胞分裂过程中与宿主DNA一起复制，这意味着每当细菌细胞分裂时，它都会将病毒遗传物质传递给其子细胞。lysogenic状态可以在许多代中持续存在而不对宿主造成任何伤害。然而，某些环境因素，如压力或紫外线辐射，可以触发前噬菌体从细菌染色体中脱离并进入裂解周期。这种转变可能导致新病毒颗粒的产生，并最终导致宿主细胞的裂解或破裂，释放出这些新病毒以感染其他细胞。这种lysogenic和裂解周期的二元性展示了病毒的适应能力。它们可以在宿主内保持休眠状态很长时间，等待合适的条件来激活其繁殖周期。这种在周期之间切换的能力不仅是病毒的一种生存机制，也给研究人员和医疗专业人员带来了挑战。例如，一些噬菌体正在被探索作为治疗细菌感染的抗生素替代品。了解这些噬菌体主要通过lysogenic还是裂解周期进行作用，对于预测它们在临床环境中的行为至关重要。除了在医学上的影响外，lysogenic周期在基因工程中也具有重要应用。科学家们可以利用lysogenic噬菌体的特性将新基因引入细菌基因组。通过使用携带所需遗传物质的修饰噬菌体，研究人员可以创建具有特定特征的转基因生物（GMO）。这一技术在农业、医学和环境科学中具有潜在应用。总之，lysogenic这个术语概括了病毒生物学中的一个重要方面，这一方面在各个科学学科中具有深远的影响。从理解细菌抗药性到开发创新的治疗策略，lysogenic周期代表了病毒与宿主之间的非凡互动。随着研究的不断发展，我们对这些过程的理解无疑将导致科学和医学的新发现和进展。