dry friction

简明释义

干摩擦

英英释义

例句

1.Engineers need to consider dry friction 干摩擦 when designing mechanical parts that move against each other.

工程师在设计相互运动的机械部件时，需要考虑干摩擦 dry friction。

2.When two surfaces are in contact, dry friction 干摩擦 can cause wear and tear over time.

当两个表面接触时，干摩擦 dry friction可能会导致磨损。

3.In physics, dry friction 干摩擦 is often modeled by the coefficient of friction.

在物理学中，干摩擦 dry friction通常通过摩擦系数来建模。

4.The sliding of the box across the table involves dry friction 干摩擦 between the surfaces.

箱子在桌子上滑动涉及到表面之间的干摩擦 dry friction。

5.The car's tires experience dry friction 干摩擦 when they grip the road during a turn.

汽车轮胎在转弯时与道路之间产生干摩擦 dry friction。

作文

Friction is a fundamental concept in physics that plays a crucial role in our everyday lives. It is the force that resists the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other. One important type of friction is dry friction, which occurs when two solid surfaces are in contact without any lubrication or fluid between them. Understanding dry friction is essential for various applications, from engineering to everyday activities. In this essay, we will explore the characteristics, implications, and examples of dry friction. Firstly, dry friction can be classified into two categories: static friction and kinetic friction. Static friction is the force that must be overcome to start moving an object at rest. It acts in the opposite direction of the applied force and increases with the amount of force applied until it reaches a maximum value. Once the object begins to move, kinetic friction comes into play, which is generally lower than static friction. This difference in frictional forces is why it is often harder to start moving an object than to keep it moving. The coefficient of friction is a crucial factor in understanding dry friction. It is a dimensionless number that represents the ratio of the force of friction between two bodies and the force pressing them together. The coefficient of static friction is usually higher than that of kinetic friction, indicating that more force is required to initiate movement than to maintain it. Different materials have different coefficients of friction; for example, rubber on concrete has a high coefficient, providing excellent grip, while ice on metal has a low coefficient, resulting in slippery conditions. In practical terms, dry friction has both advantages and disadvantages. On one hand, it enables us to walk without slipping, cars to grip the road, and machines to function properly without excessive wear. On the other hand, it can lead to energy loss in the form of heat due to the resistance encountered during motion. For instance, when two surfaces rub against each other, the energy expended to overcome dry friction generates heat, which can cause wear and tear on mechanical components over time. This is why engineers often seek ways to reduce dry friction in machinery through lubrication or the use of smoother materials. Real-world examples of dry friction are abundant. Consider a person pushing a heavy box across a floor. The force they exert must overcome the static friction between the box and the floor. Once the box starts moving, the force required decreases because the kinetic friction is less than the static friction. Another example is the braking system in vehicles, where dry friction between brake pads and wheels converts kinetic energy into thermal energy, slowing down the vehicle. In conclusion, dry friction is a vital force that influences many aspects of our lives and technology. By understanding its properties, we can better appreciate its role in everyday activities and engineering applications. Whether we are walking, driving, or operating machinery, dry friction is always present, reminding us of the complex interplay between forces that govern motion. As we continue to innovate and improve technologies, finding ways to manage and optimize dry friction will remain an important area of study in physics and engineering.

摩擦力是物理学中的一个基本概念，在我们的日常生活中发挥着至关重要的作用。它是抵抗固体表面、流体层和材料元素相对运动的力量。摩擦力的一种重要类型是干摩擦，它发生在两个固体表面接触而没有润滑剂或流体在它们之间时。理解干摩擦对各种应用至关重要，从工程到日常活动。在这篇文章中，我们将探讨干摩擦的特征、影响和例子。首先，干摩擦可以分为两类：静摩擦和动摩擦。静摩擦是必须克服的力量，以开始移动一个静止的物体。它在施加的力量的反方向上起作用，并随着施加的力量增加而增加，直到达到最大值。一旦物体开始移动，动摩擦就会发挥作用，通常低于静摩擦。这种摩擦力的差异就是为什么开始移动一个物体通常比保持它的运动更困难。摩擦系数是理解干摩擦的一个关键因素。它是一个无量纲数，表示两个物体之间的摩擦力与压在它们之间的力的比率。静摩擦系数通常高于动摩擦系数，表明启动运动所需的力量大于维持运动所需的力量。不同材料具有不同的摩擦系数；例如，橡胶在混凝土上的摩擦系数很高，提供了出色的抓地力，而冰在金属上的摩擦系数很低，导致滑溜的条件。在实际应用中，干摩擦既有优点也有缺点。一方面，它使我们能够行走而不滑倒，汽车能够抓住道路，机器能够正常运转而不会过度磨损。另一方面，由于在运动过程中遇到的阻力，它可能导致以热的形式损失能量。例如，当两个表面相互摩擦时，克服干摩擦所消耗的能量会产生热量，这可能会导致机械部件随时间的磨损。这就是为什么工程师通常寻求通过润滑或使用更光滑的材料来减少机械中的干摩擦。干摩擦的现实世界例子比比皆是。考虑一个人把一个沉重的箱子推过地板。他们施加的力量必须克服箱子与地板之间的静摩擦。一旦箱子开始移动，所需的力量就会减少，因为动摩擦小于静摩擦。另一个例子是车辆的制动系统，其中刹车片与车轮之间的干摩擦将动能转化为热能，从而减慢车辆的速度。总之，干摩擦是一种重要的力量，影响着我们生活和技术的许多方面。通过理解其特性，我们可以更好地欣赏它在日常活动和工程应用中的作用。无论我们是在行走、驾驶还是操作机器，干摩擦始终存在，提醒我们支配运动的力量之间复杂的相互作用。随着我们继续创新和改进技术，寻找管理和优化干摩擦的方法将仍然是物理学和工程学研究的重要领域。