donnan's equilibrium

简明释义

道南平衡

英英释义

例句

1.The study of Donnan's equilibrium 德农平衡 helps explain how nutrients move across cell membranes.

对Donnan's equilibrium 德农平衡的研究有助于解释营养物质如何穿过细胞膜。

2.In dialysis, understanding Donnan's equilibrium 德农平衡 can improve the efficiency of waste removal from the blood.

在透析过程中，理解Donnan's equilibrium 德农平衡 可以提高血液废物去除的效率。

3.In a biological cell, the maintenance of Donnan's equilibrium 德农平衡 is crucial for regulating ion concentrations.

在生物细胞中，维持Donnan's equilibrium 德农平衡 对于调节离子浓度至关重要。

4.The application of Donnan's equilibrium 德农平衡 is essential in understanding how drugs are distributed in the body.

应用Donnan's equilibrium 德农平衡 对于理解药物在体内的分布至关重要。

5.Researchers investigated the role of Donnan's equilibrium 德农平衡 in maintaining osmotic pressure in plant cells.

研究人员调查了Donnan's equilibrium 德农平衡 在维持植物细胞渗透压中的作用。

作文

Donnan's equilibrium is a fundamental concept in physical chemistry that describes the distribution of ions between two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane. This phenomenon occurs when a charged solute is present on one side of the membrane, creating an imbalance that affects the movement of ions. Understanding Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡) is crucial for various scientific fields, including biology, medicine, and materials science. In this essay, I will elaborate on the significance of Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡), its implications, and its applications in real-world scenarios.The concept of Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡) was first introduced by Frederick G. Donnan in the early 20th century. It explains how ions distribute themselves across a semipermeable membrane when one side contains a non-diffusible ion. For instance, when a cell is placed in a solution with different ionic concentrations, the cell membrane allows certain ions to pass while restricting others. This selective permeability leads to a state of equilibrium where the concentration of permeable ions differs on each side of the membrane.One of the critical aspects of Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡) is its role in maintaining osmotic pressure. Osmosis is the process by which water moves across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to one of higher concentration. The presence of non-diffusible ions, as described by Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡), creates an osmotic gradient that can affect cell volume and function. For example, red blood cells rely on osmotic balance to maintain their shape and integrity. If placed in a hypertonic solution, water will exit the cells, leading to crenation, while in a hypotonic solution, cells may swell and potentially burst.In addition to its biological importance, Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡) has significant implications in industrial processes. For example, in the field of wastewater treatment, understanding this equilibrium helps in designing effective separation techniques. When treating industrial effluents, the removal of specific ions is essential to comply with environmental regulations. By manipulating Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡), engineers can optimize the ion exchange processes to ensure efficient removal of harmful substances from wastewater.Furthermore, Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡) plays a vital role in drug delivery systems. Many pharmaceutical compounds are designed to target specific cells or tissues in the body. By understanding how drugs interact with cellular membranes and the ionic environment, scientists can develop more effective delivery methods. For instance, nanoparticles can be engineered to exploit Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡) to enhance drug absorption in targeted areas, improving therapeutic outcomes.In conclusion, Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡) is a pivotal concept that bridges the gap between chemistry and biology. It provides insights into the behavior of ions in various environments, influencing processes ranging from cellular function to industrial applications. As research continues to evolve, the understanding of Donnan's equilibrium (多南平衡) will undoubtedly lead to new innovations and improvements across multiple disciplines. Embracing this knowledge not only enhances our comprehension of fundamental scientific principles but also paves the way for practical solutions to real-world challenges.

多南平衡是物理化学中的一个基本概念，描述了通过半透膜分隔的两个溶液之间离子的分布。当一侧存在带电溶质时，这种现象就会发生，从而产生影响离子运动的不平衡。理解Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡）对生物学、医学和材料科学等多个科学领域至关重要。在本文中，我将详细阐述Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡）的意义、其影响及在现实世界中的应用。Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡）的概念最早由弗雷德里克·G·多南在20世纪初提出。它解释了当一侧含有不可扩散离子时，离子如何在半透膜两侧分布。例如，当细胞置于不同离子浓度的溶液中时，细胞膜允许某些离子通过，同时限制其他离子的流动。这种选择性渗透性导致一种平衡状态，在这种状态下，膜两侧可渗透离子的浓度不同。Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡）的一个关键方面是其在维持渗透压中的作用。渗透是水通过半透膜从低溶质浓度区域移动到高浓度区域的过程。不可扩散离子的存在，如同Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡）所描述的，形成一种渗透梯度，可能会影响细胞的体积和功能。例如，红血球依赖渗透平衡来维持其形状和完整性。如果置于高渗溶液中，水会从细胞内流出，导致细胞变形，而在低渗溶液中，细胞可能会膨胀并可能破裂。除了其生物学重要性外，Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡）在工业过程中也具有重要意义。例如，在废水处理领域，理解这一平衡有助于设计有效的分离技术。在处理工业废水时，去除特定离子对于遵守环境法规至关重要。通过操控Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡），工程师可以优化离子交换过程，以确保有效去除废水中的有害物质。此外，Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡）在药物输送系统中也发挥着重要作用。许多药物化合物旨在靶向身体特定的细胞或组织。通过理解药物与细胞膜和离子环境的相互作用，科学家们可以开发更有效的输送方法。例如，可以设计纳米颗粒利用Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡）来增强药物在靶向区域的吸收，从而改善治疗效果。总之，Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡）是一个关键概念，架起了化学与生物学之间的桥梁。它提供了对离子在各种环境中行为的深入见解，影响着从细胞功能到工业应用的多个过程。随着研究的不断发展，对Donnan's equilibrium（多南平衡）的理解无疑会导致各个学科的新创新和改进。掌握这一知识不仅增强了我们对基本科学原理的理解，也为解决现实世界的挑战铺平了道路。