distribution of molecular weight

简明释义

分子量分布

英英释义

例句

1.The distribution of molecular weight is crucial for understanding the viscosity of polymer solutions.

理解聚合物溶液的粘度时，分子量分布是至关重要的。

2.In quality control, the distribution of molecular weight helps ensure consistency in production batches.

在质量控制中，分子量分布有助于确保生产批次的一致性。

3.Researchers often analyze the distribution of molecular weight to determine the effectiveness of a new drug formulation.

研究人员通常分析分子量分布以确定新药剂型的有效性。

4.The polymer's properties can be greatly influenced by the distribution of molecular weight, which refers to how the sizes of the molecules vary within the sample.

聚合物的性质可能会受到分子量分布的很大影响，这指的是样品中分子大小的变化情况。

5.A narrow distribution of molecular weight can lead to more uniform material properties in plastics.

较窄的分子量分布可以导致塑料材料性质更加均匀。

作文

The study of polymers and other macromolecules is essential in various fields, including materials science, biology, and chemistry. One of the critical aspects of understanding these substances is the distribution of molecular weight, which refers to how the molecular weights of a sample are spread out over a range of values. This distribution can significantly affect the physical and chemical properties of the material, influencing its strength, viscosity, and thermal stability.In polymer science, for instance, the distribution of molecular weight can determine how a polymer behaves under different conditions. Polymers with a narrow distribution of molecular weight tend to have more uniform properties, making them suitable for applications where consistency is crucial. Conversely, polymers with a broad distribution of molecular weight may exhibit a wide range of behaviors, which can be advantageous in applications requiring flexibility or adaptability.To illustrate this concept, consider a common plastic such as polyethylene. If we analyze the distribution of molecular weight of a polyethylene sample, we may find that it has a certain average molecular weight, but there could be many molecules that are either significantly lighter or heavier than this average. The presence of these varying molecular weights can lead to different physical characteristics, such as clarity, strength, and melting temperature. For example, a polyethylene with a high average molecular weight and a narrow distribution of molecular weight will typically be stronger and more resistant to heat than one with a broader distribution.Moreover, the distribution of molecular weight can also affect the processing of polymers. In manufacturing processes like extrusion or injection molding, the flow behavior of the polymer melt is influenced by its molecular weight distribution. A well-controlled distribution of molecular weight can lead to better processing performance and final product quality. Therefore, manufacturers often aim to control this distribution during the synthesis of polymers to meet specific application requirements.In addition to polymers, the distribution of molecular weight is also significant in biochemistry. Proteins, for example, can vary widely in their molecular weights, and this variation can impact their function in biological systems. Understanding the distribution of molecular weight of proteins can help researchers identify functional relationships and the roles of different proteins in cellular processes.In conclusion, the distribution of molecular weight is a fundamental concept that plays a vital role in determining the properties and behaviors of various materials, particularly polymers and biological macromolecules. By studying and controlling the distribution of molecular weight, scientists and engineers can develop materials with tailored properties for specific applications, enhancing performance and functionality in numerous fields. Thus, grasping the significance of the distribution of molecular weight is crucial for anyone involved in material science or related disciplines.

聚合物和其他大分子的研究在材料科学、生物学和化学等多个领域中至关重要。理解这些物质的一个关键方面是分子量分布，它指的是样本的分子量在一系列值上的分布情况。这种分布可以显著影响材料的物理和化学性质，进而影响其强度、粘度和热稳定性。例如，在聚合物科学中，分子量分布可以决定聚合物在不同条件下的表现。具有狭窄分子量分布的聚合物往往具有更均匀的性质，使其适用于对一致性要求严格的应用。相反，具有宽广分子量分布的聚合物可能表现出多种行为，这在需要灵活性或适应性的应用中可能是有利的。为了说明这一概念，可以考虑一种常见的塑料，例如聚乙烯。如果我们分析一个聚乙烯样本的分子量分布，我们可能会发现它有一个特定的平均分子量，但可能有许多分子要么显著轻于要么重于这个平均值。这些不同分子量的存在可能导致不同的物理特性，例如清晰度、强度和熔点。例如，具有高平均分子量和狭窄分子量分布的聚乙烯通常比具有更广泛分布的聚乙烯更强、更耐热。此外，分子量分布还会影响聚合物的加工。在挤出或注塑等制造过程中，聚合物熔体的流动行为受到其分子量分布的影响。良好的分子量分布控制可以提高加工性能和最终产品质量。因此，制造商通常在聚合物合成过程中力求控制这种分布，以满足特定应用需求。除了聚合物，分子量分布在生物化学中也很重要。例如，蛋白质的分子量差异很大，这种变化会影响它们在生物体系中的功能。了解蛋白质的分子量分布可以帮助研究人员识别功能关系以及不同蛋白质在细胞过程中的作用。总之，分子量分布是一个基本概念，在确定各种材料（特别是聚合物和生物大分子）的性质和行为中发挥着重要作用。通过研究和控制分子量分布，科学家和工程师可以开发出具有针对特定应用的材料，从而增强在众多领域的性能和功能。因此，掌握分子量分布的重要性对于任何参与材料科学或相关学科的人来说都是至关重要的。