dissociation constant

简明释义

离解常数

英英释义

例句

1.A lower dissociation constant indicates a stronger interaction between the ligand and the receptor.

较低的解离常数表示配体与受体之间的相互作用更强。

2.In enzyme kinetics, the dissociation constant can help predict the efficiency of an enzyme-substrate complex.

在酶动力学中，解离常数可以帮助预测酶-底物复合物的效率。

3.To calculate the dissociation constant, you need to know the concentrations of the reactants at equilibrium.

要计算解离常数，你需要知道平衡时反应物的浓度。

4.The dissociation constant is a key parameter in understanding the binding affinity of drugs to their targets.

在理解药物与其靶标的结合亲和力时，解离常数是一个关键参数。

5.The dissociation constant is often used in biochemistry to describe the strength of protein-ligand interactions.

在生物化学中，解离常数常用于描述蛋白质-配体相互作用的强度。

作文

The concept of dissociation constant is crucial in the field of chemistry, particularly in understanding the behavior of acids and bases in solution. The dissociation constant (often denoted as Kd) quantifies the tendency of a compound to dissociate into its constituent ions. This value is essential for predicting how substances will react in different environments, especially in biological systems where pH levels can vary significantly.To understand the dissociation constant, one must first grasp the principle of chemical equilibrium. When an acid dissolves in water, it donates protons (H+ ions) to the solution, resulting in a mixture of the undissociated acid and its dissociated ions. The dissociation constant is defined as the ratio of the concentration of the dissociated ions to the concentration of the undissociated acid at equilibrium. This relationship can be expressed mathematically as:K_d = [A^-][H^+]/[HA]In this equation, [A^-] represents the concentration of the conjugate base, [H^+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions, and [HA] is the concentration of the undissociated acid. A higher dissociation constant indicates that the acid is stronger, as it more readily donates protons, leading to a greater concentration of ions in solution.The significance of the dissociation constant extends beyond simple acid-base chemistry. In biochemistry, for instance, enzyme-substrate interactions are often influenced by the dissociation constant. The affinity between an enzyme and its substrate can be quantified using this constant, allowing scientists to predict how efficiently an enzyme will catalyze a reaction under varying conditions. A lower dissociation constant signifies a stronger interaction, meaning the enzyme binds to its substrate more tightly.Moreover, the dissociation constant plays a vital role in drug design and pharmacology. Understanding how drugs interact with their targets at the molecular level often involves calculating the dissociation constant. This information helps researchers develop more effective medications by optimizing the binding properties of drug candidates. For example, a drug with a suitable dissociation constant can achieve the desired therapeutic effect with minimal side effects, enhancing patient outcomes.In conclusion, the dissociation constant is a fundamental concept that bridges various disciplines within chemistry and biology. Its ability to describe the strength of acid-base interactions and molecular binding affinities makes it an invaluable tool for scientists. By mastering the implications of the dissociation constant, researchers can better understand chemical reactions and design innovative solutions in fields ranging from environmental science to medicine. As we continue to explore the complexities of molecular interactions, the dissociation constant will undoubtedly remain a key focus in scientific research and application.

“解离常数”这一概念在化学领域中至关重要，特别是在理解酸和碱在溶液中的行为时。“解离常数”（通常用Kd表示）量化了化合物解离成其组成离子的倾向。这个数值对于预测物质在不同环境中的反应尤其重要，尤其是在生物系统中，pH值可能会显著变化。要理解“解离常数”，首先必须掌握化学平衡的原理。当一种酸溶解在水中时，它会向溶液中释放质子（H+离子），从而导致未解离酸和其解离离子的混合物。“解离常数”被定义为在平衡状态下，解离离子的浓度与未解离酸的浓度之比。这个关系可以用数学公式表示为：K_d = [A^-][H^+]/[HA]在这个方程中，[A^-]代表共轭碱的浓度，[H^+]是氢离子的浓度，而[HA]是未解离酸的浓度。更高的“解离常数”表明酸更强，因为它更容易释放质子，从而导致溶液中离子的浓度更高。“解离常数”的重要性超越了简单的酸碱化学。在生物化学中，例如，酶-底物相互作用往往受到“解离常数”的影响。酶与其底物之间的亲和力可以通过这个常数进行量化，使科学家能够预测在不同条件下酶将多有效地催化反应。较低的“解离常数”意味着更强的相互作用，这意味着酶与其底物结合得更紧密。此外，“解离常数”在药物设计和药理学中也发挥着至关重要的作用。了解药物如何在分子水平上与其靶标相互作用通常涉及计算“解离常数”。这些信息帮助研究人员通过优化药物候选者的结合特性来开发更有效的药物。例如，具有适当“解离常数”的药物可以在最小副作用的情况下实现所需的治疗效果，从而改善患者的结果。总之，“解离常数”是一个基本概念，连接了化学和生物学中的各个学科。它描述酸碱相互作用和分子结合亲和力的能力使其成为科学家不可或缺的工具。通过掌握“解离常数”的含义，研究人员可以更好地理解化学反应，并在环境科学到医学等领域设计创新解决方案。随着我们继续探索分子相互作用的复杂性，“解离常数”无疑将继续成为科学研究和应用的重点。