dielectric constant

简明释义

介电常数

英英释义

例句

1.The dielectric constant of a material determines how much electric field it can store.

材料的介电常数决定了它能够储存多少电场。

2.Water has a high dielectric constant, which is why it is used in many biological applications.

水具有高介电常数，这就是为什么它被用于许多生物应用中。

3.When selecting materials for circuit boards, the dielectric constant is a critical factor.

在选择电路板材料时，介电常数是一个关键因素。

4.In capacitors, a higher dielectric constant 介电常数 allows for greater charge storage.

在电容器中，更高的介电常数允许更大的电荷储存。

5.The dielectric constant of air is approximately 1, making it an excellent insulator.

空气的介电常数约为1，使其成为优秀的绝缘体。

作文

The concept of the dielectric constant is fundamental in the field of electrical engineering and material science. It refers to a measure of a material's ability to store electrical energy in an electric field. More specifically, the dielectric constant (often denoted as ε) is defined as the ratio of the capacitance of a capacitor when a dielectric material is present to the capacitance of the same capacitor when it is in a vacuum. This property is crucial for understanding how materials behave when subjected to electric fields, influencing everything from the design of capacitors to the performance of insulators.In practical terms, materials with a high dielectric constant can store more electrical energy compared to those with a low dielectric constant. For example, water has a relatively high dielectric constant of about 80, which means it can effectively store electrical energy. This characteristic makes water an excellent medium for various applications, including biological systems where electrical signaling is essential.Conversely, materials like air or vacuum have a low dielectric constant, close to 1. This indicates that they are not effective at storing electrical energy. Understanding the dielectric constant of different materials allows engineers and scientists to select appropriate substances for specific applications. For instance, in electronics, choosing a dielectric with the right dielectric constant can significantly affect the performance and efficiency of devices like capacitors, transistors, and other components.Moreover, the dielectric constant is frequency-dependent, meaning it can change with the frequency of the applied electric field. At lower frequencies, the dielectric constant tends to be higher due to the polarization effects within the material. However, as the frequency increases, these polarization effects may lag behind the rapidly changing electric field, resulting in a decrease in the dielectric constant. This phenomenon is particularly important in high-frequency applications such as radio frequency (RF) circuits and microwave technology.In addition to its technical implications, the dielectric constant also plays a role in environmental science. For instance, the dielectric constant of soils can provide insights into their moisture content, which is critical for agriculture and hydrology. By measuring the dielectric constant of soil samples, scientists can infer the amount of water present, helping farmers make informed decisions about irrigation and crop management.In conclusion, the dielectric constant is a key property that describes how materials respond to electric fields. Its significance spans across various disciplines, from engineering and physics to environmental science. By understanding and utilizing the dielectric constant, professionals can enhance the design and functionality of electronic devices, improve agricultural practices, and further our knowledge of material properties. As technology continues to advance, the study of the dielectric constant will remain vital in developing innovative solutions and applications in an increasingly electrified world.

介电常数的概念在电气工程和材料科学领域中是基础性的。它指的是材料在电场中储存电能的能力的度量。更具体地说，介电常数（通常用ε表示）被定义为当存在介电材料时电容器的电容与在真空中相同电容器的电容之比。这一特性对于理解材料在电场下的行为至关重要，影响着从电容器设计到绝缘体性能的方方面面。在实际应用中，具有高介电常数的材料能够比低介电常数的材料储存更多的电能。例如，水的介电常数相对较高，约为80，这意味着它能够有效地储存电能。这一特性使水成为各种应用的优秀介质，包括在电信号至关重要的生物系统中。相反，像空气或真空这样的材料具有低介电常数，接近1。这表明它们在储存电能方面并不有效。理解不同材料的介电常数使工程师和科学家能够为特定应用选择合适的物质。例如，在电子学中，选择具有正确介电常数的介电材料可以显著影响电容器、晶体管和其他组件的性能和效率。此外，介电常数还是频率依赖的，这意味着它可能会随着施加电场的频率而变化。在较低频率下，介电常数往往较高，因为材料内部的极化效应。然而，随着频率的增加，这些极化效应可能滞后于快速变化的电场，导致介电常数下降。这一现象在无线电频率（RF）电路和微波技术等高频应用中尤为重要。除了其技术意义外，介电常数还在环境科学中发挥作用。例如，土壤的介电常数可以提供土壤含水量的见解，这对于农业和水文学至关重要。通过测量土壤样本的介电常数，科学家可以推断出水的存在量，帮助农民做出关于灌溉和作物管理的明智决策。总之，介电常数是描述材料如何响应电场的关键属性。它的重要性跨越多个学科，从工程和物理学到环境科学。通过理解和利用介电常数，专业人士可以增强电子设备的设计和功能，改善农业实践，并进一步了解材料特性。随着技术的不断进步，介电常数的研究将在开发创新解决方案和应用中继续发挥重要作用，尤其是在一个日益电气化的世界中。