deuterium oxide

简明释义

氧化氘

英英释义

例句

1.The experiment required the use of deuterium oxide to trace the reaction pathways in the chemical synthesis.

实验需要使用重水来追踪化学合成中的反应路径。

2.In some biological studies, deuterium oxide is used to label molecules for tracking purposes.

在一些生物研究中，重水被用来标记分子以便于追踪。

3.To study the dynamics of water molecules, scientists replaced regular water with deuterium oxide in their experiments.

为了研究水分子的动态，科学家们在实验中用重水替代了普通水。

4.The physicist explained how deuterium oxide could be used to measure the rates of metabolic reactions.

物理学家解释了如何使用重水来测量代谢反应的速率。

5.In nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, researchers often use deuterium oxide to enhance the signals of certain compounds.

在核磁共振（NMR）光谱学中，研究人员常常使用重水来增强某些化合物的信号。

作文

Deuterium oxide, commonly known as heavy water, is a compound that consists of two deuterium atoms and one oxygen atom. In its chemical formula, it is represented as D2O, where 'D' signifies the presence of deuterium, an isotope of hydrogen that has one neutron in addition to the usual proton found in hydrogen atoms. This unique composition gives deuterium oxide (重水) distinct physical and chemical properties compared to regular water (H2O). For instance, deuterium oxide has a higher boiling point and melting point than ordinary water, which can be attributed to the increased mass of deuterium. The significance of deuterium oxide extends beyond its physical characteristics; it plays a crucial role in various scientific fields, particularly in nuclear chemistry and biology. One of the most notable applications of deuterium oxide is in nuclear reactors, where it serves as a neutron moderator. By slowing down neutrons, deuterium oxide enhances the efficiency of nuclear fission reactions, making it a vital component in the operation of certain types of reactors, such as CANDU reactors. In addition to its use in nuclear technology, deuterium oxide is also employed in scientific research. It is frequently used in studies involving biochemical processes, as it can be utilized as a tracer in metabolic experiments. When organisms are exposed to deuterium oxide, researchers can track the movement and transformation of substances within biological systems. This tracking capability is invaluable for understanding complex metabolic pathways and interactions in living organisms. Moreover, deuterium oxide has applications in spectroscopy. In techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, deuterium oxide is often used as a solvent because it does not produce interference signals that can complicate the analysis of organic compounds. The use of deuterium oxide in this context allows scientists to obtain clearer and more accurate results in their experiments. Despite its many benefits, there are some considerations regarding the use of deuterium oxide. While it is generally safe in small quantities, exposure to large amounts can lead to health risks. High concentrations of deuterium oxide can disrupt normal cellular processes and result in physiological changes. Therefore, it is essential to handle this compound with care in laboratory settings and industrial applications. In conclusion, deuterium oxide (重水) is a remarkable compound with unique properties that make it indispensable in various scientific fields. Its applications range from enhancing nuclear reactor efficiency to serving as a valuable tool in biochemical research and spectroscopy. As our understanding of deuterium oxide continues to grow, so too will its potential uses in advancing science and technology. Researchers must remain aware of the safety considerations associated with this compound while exploring its vast possibilities.

重水（deuterium oxide）是一种由两个氘原子和一个氧原子组成的化合物。在其化学式中，它被表示为D2O，其中'D'表示氘的存在，氘是氢的一种同位素，除了通常的质子外还具有一个中子。这种独特的组成使得重水（deuterium oxide）在物理和化学性质上与普通水（H2O）有所不同。例如，重水的沸点和熔点都高于普通水，这可以归因于氘的质量增加。重水的意义不仅限于其物理特性；它在多个科学领域中扮演着至关重要的角色，特别是在核化学和生物学中。重水最显著的应用之一是在核反应堆中，作为中子慢化剂。通过减缓中子的速度，重水提高了核裂变反应的效率，使其成为某些类型反应堆（如CANDU反应堆）运行的重要组成部分。除了在核技术中的应用外，重水在科学研究中也被广泛使用。它常用于生化过程的研究，因为它可以用作代谢实验中的示踪剂。当生物体暴露于重水时，研究人员可以追踪物质在生物系统中的运动和转化。这种追踪能力对于理解生物体内复杂的代谢途径和相互作用至关重要。此外，重水在光谱学中也有应用。在核磁共振（NMR）光谱学等技术中，重水常作为溶剂使用，因为它不会产生干扰信号，从而使有机化合物的分析变得更加清晰和准确。在这种情况下使用重水可以让科学家在实验中获得更清晰、更准确的结果。尽管重水有许多好处，但在使用过程中也需要考虑一些问题。虽然在小剂量下通常是安全的，但暴露于大量重水中可能会导致健康风险。高浓度的重水可能会干扰正常的细胞过程，并导致生理变化。因此，在实验室和工业应用中，妥善处理这一化合物至关重要。总之，重水（deuterium oxide）是一种具有独特性质的显著化合物，使其在多个科学领域中不可或缺。它的应用范围从提高核反应堆效率到作为生化研究和光谱学中的宝贵工具。随着我们对重水理解的不断深入，其在推动科学和技术发展中的潜在用途也将不断增长。研究人员在探索这一化合物的广泛可能性时，必须始终关注与之相关的安全考虑。