deoxy sugar

简明释义

脱氧糖

英英释义

例句

1.The presence of deoxy sugar 脱氧糖 in RNA can lead to different functional properties compared to DNA.

RNA中存在的脱氧糖可能导致与DNA相比具有不同的功能特性。

2.Researchers are studying how deoxy sugars 脱氧糖 can affect cellular metabolism.

研究人员正在研究脱氧糖如何影响细胞代谢。

3.Understanding the role of deoxy sugars 脱氧糖 in genetics can help in gene therapy research.

了解脱氧糖在遗传学中的作用可以帮助基因治疗研究。

4.In biochemistry, a common example of a deoxy sugar is 脱氧糖, which is crucial for DNA structure.

在生物化学中，常见的脱氧糖例子是脱氧糖，它对DNA结构至关重要。

5.Synthetic deoxy sugars 脱氧糖 are being developed for use in drug delivery systems.

合成的脱氧糖正在开发用于药物输送系统。

作文

In the realm of biochemistry, sugars play a pivotal role in various biological processes. One particularly interesting type of sugar is known as deoxy sugar. This term refers to sugars that have lost an oxygen atom compared to their regular counterparts. The most common example of deoxy sugar is 2-deoxy-D-ribose, which is a crucial component of DNA. Unlike ribose, which contains an -OH (hydroxyl) group at the second carbon position, 2-deoxy-D-ribose has only a hydrogen atom at this position, hence the name 'deoxy,' which literally means 'without oxygen.' This structural difference is significant because it contributes to the stability of DNA's double helix structure, making it less reactive than RNA, which contains ribose. Understanding deoxy sugar is essential for comprehending how genetic information is stored and transmitted in living organisms. DNA, composed of nucleotides that include deoxy sugar, serves as the blueprint for life. Each nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, and the deoxy sugar. The sequence of these nucleotides encodes the genetic instructions necessary for the development and functioning of all living things. Moreover, the presence of deoxy sugar in DNA allows for the formation of stable bonds between nucleotides, facilitating the creation of long chains of genetic material. This stability is crucial during cell division when DNA must be accurately replicated to ensure that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the genetic information. Without deoxy sugar, the integrity of DNA would be compromised, leading to mutations and potentially severe consequences for the organism. In addition to its role in DNA, deoxy sugar also plays a part in various biochemical pathways. For instance, it is involved in the synthesis of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of the cell. ATP is essential for numerous cellular functions, including metabolism, muscle contraction, and nerve impulse transmission. The ability of cells to produce and utilize ATP efficiently is partly due to the presence of deoxy sugar in the nucleotide structure. Research into deoxy sugar and its derivatives has opened new avenues in medical science. For example, scientists are exploring the potential of deoxy sugar analogs in the development of antiviral and anticancer therapies. These analogs can interfere with the replication of viral genomes or cancerous cells by mimicking the natural nucleotides that contain deoxy sugar. This targeted approach may lead to more effective treatments with fewer side effects compared to traditional therapies. In conclusion, the study of deoxy sugar is fundamental to our understanding of genetics, cellular energy production, and the development of innovative medical treatments. Its unique structure and properties distinguish it from other sugars, highlighting its critical role in the molecular biology of life. As research continues to unveil the complexities of deoxy sugar, we gain deeper insights into the mechanisms that govern biological systems and the potential for harnessing these mechanisms in therapeutic applications.

在生物化学领域，糖在各种生物过程中发挥着关键作用。有一种特别有趣的糖被称为脱氧糖。这个术语指的是与其常规对应物相比，失去一个氧原子的糖。最常见的脱氧糖的例子是2-脱氧-D-核糖，它是DNA的重要组成部分。与在第二碳位置含有-OH（羟基）基团的核糖不同，2-脱氧-D-核糖在该位置仅有一个氢原子，因此得名“脱氧”，字面意思是“没有氧”。这种结构差异是重要的，因为它有助于DNA双螺旋结构的稳定性，使其比含有核糖的RNA更不活泼。理解脱氧糖对于理解遗传信息如何在生物体内存储和传递是至关重要的。DNA由包括脱氧糖的核苷酸组成，作为生命的蓝图。每个核苷酸由一个磷酸基团、一个氮碱基和脱氧糖组成。这些核苷酸的序列编码了生物体发展和功能所需的遗传指令。此外，DNA中存在的脱氧糖允许核苷酸之间形成稳定的键，从而促进遗传物质长链的形成。这种稳定性在细胞分裂过程中至关重要，此时DNA必须被准确复制，以确保每个子细胞获得遗传信息的精确副本。如果没有脱氧糖，DNA的完整性将受到损害，导致突变，并可能对生物体产生严重后果。除了在DNA中的作用外，脱氧糖还参与各种生化途径。例如，它与ATP（腺苷三磷酸）的合成有关，ATP是细胞的能量货币。ATP对许多细胞功能至关重要，包括代谢、肌肉收缩和神经冲动传导。细胞能够有效地产生和利用ATP的能力部分归因于核苷酸结构中存在的脱氧糖。对脱氧糖及其衍生物的研究为医学科学开辟了新的途径。例如，科学家们正在探索脱氧糖类似物在抗病毒和抗癌疗法开发中的潜力。这些类似物可以通过模仿含有脱氧糖的天然核苷酸，干扰病毒基因组或癌细胞的复制。这种靶向方法可能导致更有效的治疗，同时副作用更少，相较于传统疗法。总之，研究脱氧糖对我们理解遗传学、细胞能量生产以及创新医学治疗的发展至关重要。其独特的结构和性质使其与其他糖区分开来，突显了它在生命分子生物学中的关键作用。随着研究不断揭示脱氧糖的复杂性，我们对支配生物系统的机制以及在治疗应用中利用这些机制的潜力有了更深刻的认识。