benzene ring

简明释义

苯环

英英释义

例句

1.In organic chemistry, the benzene ring (苯环) is often used as a model for understanding aromatic compounds.

在有机化学中，苯环（benzene ring）常被用作理解芳香族化合物的模型。

2.The chemical structure of aspirin contains a central benzene ring (苯环) that contributes to its stability.

阿司匹林的化学结构包含一个中心的苯环（benzene ring），这有助于其稳定性。

3.Many dyes are derived from compounds that contain a benzene ring (苯环).

许多染料源自含有苯环（benzene ring）的化合物。

4.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) feature multiple benzene rings (苯环) fused together.

多环芳香烃（PAHs）具有多个融合在一起的苯环（benzene rings）。

5.The presence of a benzene ring (苯环) in a molecule can significantly affect its properties.

分子中存在苯环（benzene ring）会显著影响其性质。

作文

The study of organic chemistry introduces us to a variety of fascinating structures and compounds, one of the most significant being the benzene ring. The benzene ring is a fundamental component in many organic molecules, characterized by its unique arrangement of carbon atoms and alternating double bonds. This structure not only contributes to the stability of the molecule but also plays a crucial role in the chemical behavior of aromatic compounds. Understanding the benzene ring is essential for anyone delving into the world of chemistry, as it serves as a building block for countless substances, including pharmaceuticals, plastics, and dyes.The benzene ring consists of six carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal shape, with each carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom. The alternating double bonds within the ring create a phenomenon known as resonance, which means that the electrons are not fixed in one position but are instead delocalized across the entire ring. This delocalization imparts a certain level of stability to the benzene ring, making it less reactive than other unsaturated hydrocarbons. This stability is a key reason why compounds containing a benzene ring are prevalent in nature and in synthetic chemistry.One of the most interesting aspects of the benzene ring is its ability to participate in substitution reactions. In these reactions, one of the hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring can be replaced by another atom or group of atoms without disrupting the overall structure of the ring. This property allows chemists to modify the benzene ring and create a vast array of derivatives, each with unique properties and applications. For example, when a methyl group is added to the benzene ring, it forms toluene, a compound widely used as an industrial solvent and in the production of various chemicals.Moreover, the presence of functional groups attached to the benzene ring can significantly influence the reactivity and characteristics of the entire molecule. For instance, the introduction of a hydroxyl group (-OH) converts the benzene ring into phenol, which is an important precursor in the manufacture of plastics and pharmaceuticals. Similarly, the addition of a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) leads to the formation of benzoic acid, a substance commonly used as a food preservative.In addition to their chemical significance, benzene rings also appear in biological systems. Many natural compounds, such as hormones and vitamins, contain benzene rings in their structures. These compounds often play critical roles in biological processes and are essential for life. For instance, the hormone estrogen contains a benzene ring as part of its molecular structure, highlighting the importance of this configuration in both synthetic and natural chemistry.In conclusion, the benzene ring is a pivotal structure in organic chemistry that offers a wealth of knowledge and applications. Its unique properties, such as resonance and substitution reactions, allow for the creation of diverse compounds with various uses in everyday life. As we continue to explore the intricacies of chemistry, the benzene ring remains a symbol of the complexity and beauty of molecular structures. Understanding the benzene ring not only enhances our grasp of chemical principles but also opens doors to innovations in numerous fields, from medicine to materials science.

有机化学的研究使我们接触到各种迷人的结构和化合物，其中最重要的之一就是苯环。苯环是许多有机分子的基本组成部分，其特征在于碳原子的独特排列和交替的双键。这一结构不仅有助于分子的稳定性，还在芳香化合物的化学行为中发挥着至关重要的作用。理解苯环对于任何深入化学世界的人来说都是必不可少的，因为它作为无数物质的构建块，包括药物、塑料和染料。苯环由六个碳原子以六边形排列组成，每个碳原子与一个氢原子相连。环内交替的双键产生了一种称为共振的现象，这意味着电子并不是固定在一个位置，而是分散在整个环上。这种去局域化赋予了苯环一定程度的稳定性，使其比其他不饱和烃更不易反应。这种稳定性是含有苯环的化合物在自然界和合成化学中普遍存在的关键原因。苯环的一个有趣方面是它参与取代反应的能力。在这些反应中，苯环上的一个氢原子可以被另一个原子或原子团取代，而不会破坏环的整体结构。这种特性使化学家能够修改苯环并创造出各种衍生物，每种衍生物都有独特的性质和应用。例如，当一个甲基团添加到苯环时，它形成了甲苯，这是一种广泛用作工业溶剂和各种化学品生产的化合物。此外，附加在苯环上的官能团的存在可以显著影响整个分子的反应性和特性。例如，羟基（-OH）的引入将苯环转化为酚，这是一种在塑料和药物制造中重要的前体。同样，羧酸基团（-COOH）的加入导致苯酸的形成，这是一种常用作食品防腐剂的物质。除了化学意义外，苯环也出现在生物系统中。许多天然化合物，如激素和维生素，在其结构中包含苯环。这些化合物通常在生物过程中发挥关键作用，并且对生命至关重要。例如，激素雌激素的分子结构中包含一个苯环，突显了这一结构在合成和自然化学中的重要性。总之，苯环是有机化学中一个关键的结构，提供了丰富的知识和应用。它的独特性质，如共振和取代反应，允许创造出具有各种日常生活用途的多样化化合物。随着我们继续探索化学的复杂性，苯环仍然是分子结构复杂性和美丽的象征。理解苯环不仅增强了我们对化学原理的掌握，也为医学到材料科学等众多领域的创新打开了大门。