atomic nucleus

简明释义

原子核

英英释义

例句

1.In certain types of radiation, particles are emitted from the atomic nucleus.

在某些类型的辐射中，粒子是从原子核中发射出来的。

2.During nuclear fusion, two atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus.

在核聚变过程中，两个原子核结合形成一个更重的原子核。

3.The mass of an atomic nucleus is concentrated in a very small volume.

一个原子核的质量集中在一个非常小的体积内。

4.The stability of an atom depends on the balance between the protons and neutrons in its atomic nucleus.

一个原子的稳定性取决于其原子核中质子和中子的平衡。

5.Scientists study the atomic nucleus to understand the forces that hold it together.

科学家研究原子核以了解将其结合在一起的力。

作文

The concept of the atomic nucleus is fundamental to our understanding of matter and the universe. At its core, the atomic nucleus is the central part of an atom, composed of protons and neutrons, which are collectively known as nucleons. The atomic nucleus is surrounded by a cloud of electrons that orbit around it, creating the structure of an atom. This arrangement is crucial because it determines the chemical properties of an element and how it interacts with other atoms.The discovery of the atomic nucleus can be traced back to the early 20th century when scientists like Ernest Rutherford conducted experiments that led to the realization that atoms have a dense center. Before this, the prevailing model was the 'plum pudding' model proposed by J.J. Thomson, which suggested that atoms were a diffuse cloud of positive charge with electrons embedded within it. Rutherford's gold foil experiment revealed that most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in a small volume, thus leading to the identification of the atomic nucleus.Understanding the structure of the atomic nucleus has profound implications for various fields, including chemistry, physics, and medicine. For instance, the stability of the atomic nucleus is governed by the strong nuclear force, which binds protons and neutrons together. However, this force also leads to certain instabilities, resulting in radioactive decay. Elements with unstable atomic nuclei can emit radiation, which can be harnessed for medical treatments, such as cancer radiotherapy, or used in imaging techniques like PET scans.Moreover, the study of the atomic nucleus has paved the way for advancements in nuclear energy. Nuclear fission, the process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into smaller parts, releases a tremendous amount of energy, which can be converted into electricity. This has led to the development of nuclear power plants, providing a significant source of energy for many countries. However, with these benefits come challenges, such as the management of nuclear waste and the risks associated with nuclear accidents.In addition to practical applications, the atomic nucleus is a subject of theoretical exploration. Physicists are continually investigating the forces at play within the atomic nucleus, seeking to understand phenomena such as nuclear fusion, where light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy in the process. This reaction powers the stars, including our sun, and holds potential for clean energy solutions on Earth if we can replicate it efficiently.In conclusion, the atomic nucleus is not just a component of the atom; it is a cornerstone of modern science. Its study has led to groundbreaking discoveries and technologies that have transformed our world. As we continue to explore the mysteries of the atomic nucleus, we unlock further understanding of the universe and the fundamental forces that govern it. The implications of this knowledge extend beyond theoretical physics, impacting various aspects of our daily lives, from energy production to medical advancements. Thus, grasping the significance of the atomic nucleus is essential for anyone interested in the sciences and the future of technology.

“原子核”这一概念是我们理解物质和宇宙的基础。在其核心，atomic nucleus是原子的中心部分，由质子和中子组成，这些统称为核子。atomic nucleus被一云电子包围，这些电子在其周围轨道飞行，形成原子的结构。这种排列至关重要，因为它决定了元素的化学性质以及它如何与其他原子相互作用。对atomic nucleus的发现可以追溯到20世纪初，当时像恩斯特·卢瑟福这样的科学家进行了实验，导致人们意识到原子有一个密集的中心。在此之前，主流模型是J.J.汤姆森提出的“梅子布丁”模型，该模型认为原子是一个带正电的弥散云，电子嵌入其中。卢瑟福的金箔实验揭示，大多数原子的质量集中在一个小体积中，从而导致了atomic nucleus的识别。理解atomic nucleus的结构对化学、物理学和医学等多个领域具有深远的影响。例如，atomic nucleus的稳定性由强核力决定，这种力量将质子和中子结合在一起。然而，这种力量也导致某些不稳定性，导致放射性衰变。具有不稳定atomic nuclei的元素可以发出辐射，这可以用于医学治疗，如癌症放疗，或用于成像技术，如PET扫描。此外，对atomic nucleus的研究为核能的发展铺平了道路。核裂变，即将重atomic nucleus分裂成更小部分的过程，释放出巨大的能量，可以转化为电力。这导致了核电站的发展，为许多国家提供了重要的能源来源。然而，随着这些好处而来的是挑战，例如核废料的管理和核事故相关的风险。除了实际应用，atomic nucleus还是理论探索的主题。物理学家们不断研究atomic nucleus内部的作用力，试图理解诸如核聚变等现象，其中轻核结合形成更重的核，并释放能量。这一反应为恒星，包括我们的太阳提供动力，并在地球上如果我们能够高效复制它则为清洁能源解决方案提供潜力。总之，atomic nucleus不仅仅是原子的一个组成部分；它是现代科学的基石。对它的研究导致了突破性的发现和技术，这些发现和技术改变了我们的世界。随着我们继续探索atomic nucleus的奥秘，我们解锁了对宇宙及其治理的基本力量的进一步理解。这一知识的影响超越了理论物理，影响着我们日常生活的各个方面，从能源生产到医学进步。因此，掌握atomic nucleus的重要性对于任何对科学和技术未来感兴趣的人来说都是必不可少的。