atomic mass

简明释义

原子质量

英英释义

例句

1.The atomic mass of oxygen is about 16 amu, which is crucial for understanding water's properties.

氧的原子质量约为16原子质量单位，这对于理解水的性质至关重要。

2.To calculate the molar mass of a compound, you need to know the atomic mass of each element in it.

要计算化合物的摩尔质量，你需要知道其中每种元素的原子质量。

3.The atomic mass of carbon is approximately 12.01 amu.

碳的原子质量约为12.01原子质量单位。

4.In the periodic table, the atomic mass is usually listed below the element symbol.

在周期表中，原子质量通常列在元素符号下方。

5.The atomic mass of hydrogen is the lowest among all elements.

氢的原子质量在所有元素中是最低的。

作文

The concept of atomic mass is fundamental in the field of chemistry and physics. It refers to the mass of an atom, typically expressed in atomic mass units (amu). Understanding atomic mass is crucial for various scientific calculations, including determining the composition of substances, calculating molecular weights, and understanding the behavior of elements in reactions. To comprehend atomic mass, one must first understand its components. An atom consists of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit around it. The mass of an atom is primarily determined by the number of protons and neutrons it contains, as electrons contribute negligible mass. Therefore, the atomic mass is essentially the sum of the masses of these particles. For instance, the atomic mass of hydrogen is approximately 1 amu, while that of carbon is about 12 amu. This difference arises from the number of protons and neutrons present in each element. Hydrogen has one proton and no neutrons, while carbon has six protons and six neutrons. This relationship highlights how the structure of an atom influences its atomic mass. Moreover, the atomic mass of an element is not always a whole number. This is because most elements exist as isotopes—atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. For example, carbon has isotopes like Carbon-12 and Carbon-14, which have different atomic masses due to their varying neutron counts. The average atomic mass listed on the periodic table reflects the weighted average of all isotopes of that element found in nature. The significance of atomic mass extends beyond theoretical calculations; it plays a vital role in practical applications such as stoichiometry in chemical reactions. When chemists perform reactions, they often need to know the exact amounts of reactants required to produce desired products. By using the atomic mass of each element involved, they can calculate the proportions needed to ensure complete reactions. Additionally, atomic mass is instrumental in understanding molecular structures and bonding. The molecular weight of compounds is determined by summing the atomic masses of all the constituent atoms. This information helps scientists predict how molecules will interact with one another, which is essential in fields such as pharmacology and materials science. In conclusion, mastering the concept of atomic mass is essential for anyone studying the natural sciences. It serves as the basis for understanding atomic structure, chemical reactions, and molecular interactions. As we continue to explore the intricacies of matter, the role of atomic mass will remain pivotal in advancing our knowledge and applications in science. By grasping this concept, students and researchers alike can better appreciate the complexities of the universe at the atomic level.

“原子质量”的概念在化学和物理学领域是基础的。它指的是一个原子的质量，通常用原子质量单位（amu）表示。理解“原子质量”对各种科学计算至关重要，包括确定物质的成分、计算分子量以及理解元素在反应中的行为。要理解“原子质量”，首先必须了解其组成。一个原子由质子、中子和电子组成。质子和中子位于原子核中，而电子则围绕其轨道旋转。原子的质量主要由其所含的质子和中子的数量决定，因为电子贡献的质量可以忽略不计。因此，“原子质量”基本上是这些粒子质量的总和。例如，氢的“原子质量”约为1 amu，而碳的“原子质量”约为12 amu。这种差异源于每种元素中质子和中子的数量。氢有一个质子和零个中子，而碳有六个质子和六个中子。这种关系突显了原子结构如何影响其“原子质量”。此外，元素的“原子质量”并不总是整数。这是因为大多数元素以同位素的形式存在——具有相同质子数但中子数不同的原子。例如，碳有同位素如碳-12和碳-14，由于它们的中子数不同，因此具有不同的“原子质量”。周期表上列出的平均“原子质量”反映了该元素在自然界中所有同位素的加权平均值。“原子质量”的重要性超越了理论计算；它在化学反应中的实际应用中也发挥着至关重要的作用。当化学家进行反应时，他们通常需要知道所需反应物的确切数量，以产生所需的产品。通过使用每种参与元素的“原子质量”，他们可以计算出确保完全反应所需的比例。此外，“原子质量”在理解分子结构和键合方面也是至关重要的。化合物的分子量是通过将所有组成原子的“原子质量”相加来确定的。这些信息帮助科学家预测分子之间的相互作用，这在药理学和材料科学等领域至关重要。总之，掌握“原子质量”的概念对任何学习自然科学的人来说都是必不可少的。它作为理解原子结构、化学反应和分子相互作用的基础。随着我们继续探索物质的复杂性，“原子质量”的作用将在推动我们对科学的知识和应用方面保持关键。通过掌握这一概念，学生和研究人员都可以更好地欣赏宇宙在原子层面的复杂性。