amino terminal

简明释义

氨基末端

英英释义

例句

1.Mutations in the amino terminal (氨基末端) sequence can lead to loss of function.

在氨基末端序列中的突变可能导致功能丧失。

2.The protein structure was analyzed, focusing on the amino terminal (氨基末端) for its role in binding.

该蛋白质结构经过分析，重点关注其在结合中的作用的氨基末端。

3.In this experiment, we will label the amino terminal (氨基末端) of the protein to track its interactions.

在这个实验中，我们将标记蛋白质的氨基末端以追踪其相互作用。

4.The amino terminal (氨基末端) region is crucial for enzyme activity.

该氨基末端区域对酶活性至关重要。

5.Researchers discovered that the amino terminal (氨基末端) of the peptide influences its stability.

研究人员发现，肽的氨基末端会影响其稳定性。

作文

The structure of proteins is fundamental to understanding their function in biological systems. One important aspect of protein structure is the presence of various terminals, particularly the amino terminal. The amino terminal (also known as the N-terminus) refers to the end of a protein or polypeptide chain that has a free amino group (-NH2). This terminal plays a crucial role in the synthesis and functionality of proteins. When proteins are synthesized in cells, they are constructed from amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The sequence of these amino acids determines the protein's structure and function. The amino terminal is where the synthesis begins, as ribosomes translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into a polypeptide chain starting from the N-terminus. This initiation is vital because it sets the stage for proper folding and subsequent interactions with other molecules.The amino terminal is not just a structural feature; it also influences the protein's stability and activity. For instance, modifications at the amino terminal, such as acetylation or methylation, can affect how a protein interacts with other cellular components. These modifications can enhance or inhibit the protein's function, impacting various biological processes, including enzyme activity and signal transduction.Moreover, the amino terminal can be involved in targeting proteins to specific cellular locations. Many proteins contain signal peptides at their amino terminal that direct them to organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum. This targeting is essential for maintaining cellular organization and function.In addition to its role in protein synthesis and function, the amino terminal can also serve as a site for post-translational modifications. These modifications can alter the protein's properties, such as its solubility, stability, and interaction with other molecules. For example, phosphorylation at the amino terminal can regulate enzyme activity, while glycosylation can influence cell signaling and immune responses.Understanding the significance of the amino terminal is crucial in fields such as biochemistry and molecular biology. Researchers often study the amino terminal to gain insights into protein function and regulation. By manipulating the amino terminal, scientists can design experiments to explore the roles of specific proteins in health and disease. For instance, alterations at the amino terminal of certain enzymes have been linked to metabolic disorders, making it an area of interest for therapeutic interventions.In conclusion, the amino terminal is more than just a structural component of proteins; it is integral to their synthesis, functionality, and regulation. Its influence extends beyond mere composition, affecting how proteins interact within the cell and respond to various stimuli. As research continues to uncover the complexities of protein interactions, the amino terminal will undoubtedly remain a focal point for understanding the intricate web of life at the molecular level.

蛋白质的结构对于理解它们在生物系统中的功能至关重要。蛋白质结构的一个重要方面是存在各种末端，尤其是氨基末端。氨基末端（也称为N-末端）指的是具有游离氨基团（-NH2）的蛋白质或多肽链的末端。这个末端在蛋白质的合成和功能中起着至关重要的作用。当蛋白质在细胞中合成时，它们是由通过肽键连接的氨基酸构成的。这些氨基酸的序列决定了蛋白质的结构和功能。氨基末端是合成开始的地方，因为核糖体从mRNA（信使RNA）翻译成多肽链时从N-末端开始。这一启动过程至关重要，因为它为正确的折叠和随后的与其他分子的相互作用奠定了基础。氨基末端不仅仅是一个结构特征；它还影响蛋白质的稳定性和活性。例如，在氨基末端的修饰，如乙酰化或甲基化，可以影响蛋白质与其他细胞成分的相互作用。这些修饰可以增强或抑制蛋白质的功能，影响包括酶活性和信号转导在内的各种生物过程。此外，氨基末端可能参与将蛋白质定位到特定的细胞位置。许多蛋白质在其氨基末端含有信号肽，指引它们到达细胞器，如细胞核、线粒体或内质网。这种定向对于维持细胞的组织和功能至关重要。除了在蛋白质合成和功能中的作用外，氨基末端也可以作为翻译后修饰的位点。这些修饰可以改变蛋白质的性质，如溶解度、稳定性和与其他分子的相互作用。例如，在氨基末端的磷酸化可以调节酶的活性，而糖基化则可以影响细胞信号传导和免疫反应。理解氨基末端的重要性在生物化学和分子生物学等领域至关重要。研究人员常常研究氨基末端以深入了解蛋白质的功能和调控。通过操纵氨基末端，科学家可以设计实验来探索特定蛋白质在健康和疾病中的作用。例如，某些酶的氨基末端的改变与代谢疾病有关，这使其成为治疗干预的一个关注领域。总之，氨基末端不仅仅是蛋白质的结构组成部分；它对蛋白质的合成、功能和调节至关重要。它的影响超越了单纯的组成，影响着蛋白质在细胞内的相互作用以及对各种刺激的反应。随着研究不断揭示蛋白质相互作用的复杂性，氨基末端无疑将继续成为理解生命分子层面复杂网络的重点。